Study On Relationship Between Humoral Immunity And Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Background and Objectives:Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (NRDS) is one of severe and dangerous diseases in neonatal period. We commonly think that the main cause of it is the deficiency of pulmonary surfactant (PS), because the development of the lung of the premature is immature. Although premature is the important cause of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome, but a lot of premature infants do not suffer from NRDS. The mechanical ventilation and PS replacement therapy have been extensively applied in the patients who suffer from NRDS in recent years. The fatality of NRDS has decreased in recent years, but the incidence of that is still higher especially in the premature whose gestational age is less than 32 weeks. So we think that the deficiency of pulmonary surfactant is not the unique factor in NRDS. The alveolar epithelial type II cell has been thought as one class of important immunomodulatory cells. We firstly made a abecedarian discuss on NRDS from the Immunoglobulins and Complements.Subjects and methods:We selected 122 cases in NICU of Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital in 2006, whose estational age is less than 35 weeks. There were 30 cases who suffer from NRDS. We made the 30 cases as study group ,other 92 cases as control. We collected 2ml blood in 24 hours after delivery. Then we detected the IgG,IgA,IgM,C3,C4,CRP and white blood cell,granulocyte,lympholeukocyte etc. Other 0.5ml blood were detected in 3 days after delivery. The PCT were detected. We made blood culture before antibiotic therapy. Results:IgG was showed significant difference between NRDS group and the control (P< 0.01). IgA and IgM were showed no significant difference between NRDS group and the control (P > 0.05). Completment C3 and C4 were showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). White blood cell and granulocyte were also showed significant difference between NRDS group and the control. CRP was showed no significant difference between the two groups, but the positive rate of CRP in NRDS group was 30%. PCT was showed significant difference between NRDS group and the control (P<0.05), the positive rate of PCT in NRDS group was reached to 40%. The positive rate of blood culture in NRDS group also was higher than the control.Conclusion:IgG was lower in NRDS group than in the control. Monocyte and granulocyte were lower than the control. Neutrophil granulocyte percentage was also lower than the control. Complement C3 and C4 were no significant difference between the two groups. The positive rate of PCT in NRDS group was higher than the control. The rate of infection was higher than the control. All above showed that the humoral immunity function and phagocytosis function decreased in the infants who suffered from NRDS. Whether or not infection was one of important factors in NRDS ? We must make a further study .