| Objective To determine the standardization of the state of conscious-sedation and analgesia and the safety dose of Midazolam and Fentanyl needed when rabbit is in a state of conscious-sedation and analgesia with Midazolam and Fentanyl. than is study and research the feasibility operating High Intensity Focused Ultrasound on rabbit under that state.Methods Thirty six healthy adult Japanese large ear whiteness rabbits of maleness, weighing 3-4kg ,were divided into four groups randomly (A, B, C, D).Intravenous Midazolam and Fentanyl by ear edge . Let all groups under the state of conscious-sedation and analgesia, the cumulative time of anaesthesia is two hours. Group A (n=9),control group, no HIFU stimulus in thigh muscle. Group B (n=9); giving 200 second HIFU stimulus in thigh muscle. Group C (n=9); giving 400 second HIFU stimulus in thigh muscle. Group D (n=9); giving 600 second HIFU stimulus in thigh muscle. By monitoring the objective index(OR) such as the respirations(R),the invasive blood pressure(IBP),the heart rate(HR),the electroencephalogram (EEG),the electromyologram(EMG; normal muscle) and the general index(GR), such as the light reflex(LR),the corneal reflex(CR);the moving reaction(MR),having or not muscle relaxation (MR, center muscle relaxation degree),we can determine the standardization of the state of conscious-sedation and analgesia and the safety dose of Midazolam and Fentanyl needed when rabbit is in that state. At the same time , observing and registering the dosage and the effectiveness of Midazolam and Fentanyl when the samples are given different time (200S,400S,600S)HIFU stimulus.Results After giving Midazolam and Fentanyl ,every experiment group can let rabbit in a state of conscious-sedation and analgesia, The safety dose of Midazolam and Fentanyl needed when rabbit is in a state of conscious-sedation and analgesia , Midazolam is 0.677±0.081mg/kg ,and Fentanyl is 11.121±2.545μg/kg ,and the HIFU operation is successful. The standardization of the state of conscious-sedation and analgesia is that: the degree of conscious-sedation is in III grade, move reaction is in V grade and VI grade; to be near that (that is), after administe they are calm, the R ,IBP and HR are stable, CR is sensitive, having eye move and LR, touching reaction(TR) is sensitive (eyes open ;EO. or eyes closed; EC), having some CMR when giving pain stimulus(such as arteriopuncture, venepuncture ,HIFU stimulus ) ,they have CR, EO,EC,but with invisible move reaction (move reaction is in V grade and VI grade), The waveform of R, BP, HR, EEG and EMG in monitoring device are stabile. Under the state of sedation and analgesia with Midazolam and Fentanyl, we could complete 200s,400s,600s HIFU stimulus smoothly. The difference in R,BP,HR, EEG, EMG and drug consumption of the each group as follow:1 Drug consumption: Compared with the control group's drug consumption the difference of Group D is obviously higher than Group A, the difference is statistical significance (P<0.001),but the difference of Group B and Group C have not statistically significant(P>0.05).2 EEG: Compared with the control group, the difference of Group B has not statistically significant(P>0.05),frequency is lower. The difference of Group C and Group D have statistically significan(tP <0.001), frequency is higher . Difference between Group C and Group D has not statistically significant(P>0.05).3 EMG: Compared with the group A the difference of Group D and Group C has statistically significant(P <0.01). the difference of Group B has obvious statistically significant (P <0.001).4 BP and HR: Compared with the group A the difference of Group C has not statistically significant(P>0.05), the difference of Group B and Group D have statistically significant(p<0.001).5 R: Compared with the group A the difference of Group D has statistically significant(p<0.01),the difference of others groups'has not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusion 1 When the safety dose of Midazolam and Fentanyl needed is that; Midazolam is 0.677±0.081mg/kg , Fentanyl is 11.121±2.545μg/kg , can make rabbit in a state of conscious-sedation and analgesia which is similar to a state of hypnic. 2 Under a state of conscious-sedation and analgesia we could complete 200s,400s,600s HIFU stimulus.However to Group of 600s the drug consumption is augmented. 3 The EEG, EMG, R, IBP, HR and CR, TR, MR can be the objective index monitoring the state of conscious-sedation and analgesia . |
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