Study On Fatty Acid Structural Modification Of Panaxsaponin And Its Anti-tumor Activity

Some researches showed that ginseng has the anti-tumor activity, and the principal constituents of the ginseng anti-tumor are the panaxan and panaxsaponin. The panaxan anti-tumor activity is possibly due to its adjusting organism immunity. The anti-tumor activity and the mechanism of panaxsaponin are widespread, its anti-tumor mechanism possibly is strengthening the organism immunity, inhibiting or killing tumor cell. The biggest superiority of its anti-tumor activity is has no or not have the poisonous side effect. After the panaxsaponin is taken orally or intravenous injected, the panaxsaponin is absorbed in vivo by the fatty acid ester form. The pharmacology experiment indicates the panaxsapouin fatty acid ester anti-tumor activity is better than panaxsaponin. This experiment based on mechanism that above-mentioned, modificated the panaxsaponin with fatty acid in order to increase its anti-tumor activity.In this experiment, the ODS reversed-phase column chromatographic was used toseparate ginseng stem leaf total saponin with methyl alcohol gradient elution, 60% methyl alcohol elution part directly obtained ginsenoside Rd. Ginsenoside Re, Rg₁ were concentrated in 20% and 30% methyl alcoholelution parts. It was easy to concentrate the goal compounds using the ODS reverse phase filler, namely protopanoxadiol-saponin and protopanaxatriol-saponin two parts. Ginsenoside Rg₁ and Re were isolated by the silica gel column chromatographic, had been carried on physical, chemical and the HPLC analysis to them, the structures were determined. Obtaining monomer panaxsaponin is the premise of this experiment studing on fatty acid modifacaion.This experiment is based on panaxsaponin intestinal bacteria metabolism mechanism and the predecessor studied on synthesis panaxsaponin fatty acid ester in the foundation in vitro. Ginsenoside Rg₁ and Re structures were modificated with palmitic acid acyl group in vitro. Two kind esterification products were obtained, respectively be the Ginsenoside Rg₁ palmitic acid diester and 3β,6α, 12β-three palmitic acid acyl groups -20 (22); 24-diene - Protopanaxatriol. The method was mixing ginsenoside Rg₁ and the palmitic acid acyl chlorine according to a certain proportion, pyridine used as dissolvent. After it was heated up 3 hours, the yellow matter was concentrated by recycling solvent. Compoundâ… was obtained after the yellow matter was analyzed by the silica gel column chromatographic, which gradient eluted with chloroform - methyl alcohol - water. The compoundâ… was determined its structure after used the conventional chemical method and the modem spectrum method, which was Ginsenoside Rg₁ palmitic acid diester. Simultaneously in this reaction also obtained by-product ginsenoside Rh₁. The Ginsenoside Rg-1 palmitic acid diester transformation efficiency was 11.3%, determined by the RP-HPLC. The HPLC condition was 40% acetonitrile isocratic elution, which ginsenoside Rg₁ palmitic acid diester with other products could be achieved the baseline separating. The methodology inspection result indicated this method determination transformation efficiency reliable and stable.Ginsenoside Re and the palmitic acid acyl chloride were mixed according to a certain proportion, the chloroform as the solvent, heatd up a certain time, the brown material was obtained. The compoundâ…¡was obtained by silica gel column chromatographic analysis, benzine-ethyl acetate gradient eluted, its structure was determined by the conventional chemical method and the modern spectrum method, that it was 3β, 6α, 12β-three palmitic acid acyl groups-20 (22), 24-diene-Protopanaxatriol.Two compounds were researched in vitro antineoplasmic activity in this paper. The MTT method was used to examine two kind of esterify products to the tumor cell inhibitory action. The result indicated two kind of compounds had the varying degree of damaging effect to the MFC cancer cell.This paper studied the method of using ODS filler separate and purify the ginseng stem leaf total saponin; Panaxsaponin esterify reaction and product separation, structure identification were reserached; As well as panaxsaponin esterification product in vitro anti-tumor experiment was studied. This research laied a solid theorical foundation on study and innovation new antitum medicine of ginsenosides. Because the panaxsaponin could not only inhibit or kill tumor cell, but also enhance the organism immunity, without doubt it is the first choice medicine of preventing and treating the cancer. The low polar panaxsaponin and its derivative have a better medicinal purposes value and the application prospect.