| Pollen is the male gametophyte of gymnosperm and angiosperm. It's not onlylow fat and high protein, but also contains many kinds of nutrient which are necessaryto human body. It is well known as a natural nutrition, health food and "Perfect food".The anti-tumor activity of pollen had attracted more attention in food, biochemicalland medical fields. Using Rape pollen as the raw material in this research, themethod for breaking wall and for extracting and purifying polysaccharides andflavonoids were investigated. The results show:(1)The wall was broken by enzymolysis and supersonic, lg pollen withl0mlmixed enzyme solutions, in which pectolytic activity 600U and cellulose activity450U. The optimum conditions were: enzymolysis at 45℃and pH4.5 for 2 hours andthen supersonic at 400W for 10min. The wall-broken efficiency can reach above 90％.(2)The polysaccharides of Rape pollen were extracted with water. The optimumconditions of extraction were 1:8 solid-liquid ratio at 90℃for 2 hours by 2times. Theextraction percent of polysaccharides from wall-broken pollen was 1.631％, whichwas 30％more than unbroken pollen. After deproteinization and sedimentation, thecontent of polysaccharides can reach 20％. We got there fractions after the alcohol:PPA,PPB and PPC. It shows that the PPB and PPC are homogeneous polysaccharidesthrough Sephadex G-200, but PPA is not homogeneous polysaccharides.(3) The flavonoids of Rape pollen were extracted with ethanol, and the extractionwas purified with macroporous adsorption resin. The optimum conditions ofextraction were 95％ethanol and 1:35 solid-liquid ratio at 95℃for 2 hours. Theextraction percent of flavonoids from wall-broken pollen was 3.167％, which was50.6％more than unbroken pollen. DM-130 was selected as the optimum resin of 8types of macroporous adsorption resin. When the resin was loaded with 16.78mgextraction and desorbed with 50ml 50％ethanol, the content of flavonoids could reach60.5％. |
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