The Study On Expression Of Survivin,Bcl-2 As Well As Their Relationship With Apoptosis In Esophageal Carcinoma

Esophageal carcinoma is one of the most common cancers, and esophagealcarcinoma's morbidity and fatality rate in China is the highest all over the world. Uptill now the tumorigenesis and progression of esophagus is not well-known. Nowstudy showed that the tumorigenesis and progression have relations to the cellapoptosis. The promoting apoptosis gene were inhibited and the antiapoptosis genewere activated which was the main causes of the tumor cells' long-term survival.Survivin was a new antiapoptosis protein were founded, and its pathway wasdifferent from Bcl-2 protein in inhibition apoptosis. It interpreter that the cellapoptosis result from the abnormal expression of Survivin affect the occurrence ofesophageal carcinoma. There was a significant correlation between expression ofSurvivin and Bcl-2 protein. At present, little is known about study on the expressionof Survivin, Bcl-2 as well as their relationship with apoptosis in esophagealcarcinoma.Objective: This study aimed at investigating the expression of Survivin,Bcl-2 as wellas their relationship with apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma in order to evaluate their roles in tumorigenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma, so as to laid thegroundwork for research the tumorigenesis of esophagus.Materials and methods: 1.39 cases of esophageal carcinoma tissues, 23 cases oftumor-adjacent normal tissues and 39 cases of benign tissues of the esophagus. Thetissues were fixed in 10％formalin and embedded in paraffin. No patients hadreceived preoperative chemotherapy, radiation therapy or other biological therapy.2. Immunohistochemical streptavidin peroxidase method was used to detect theexpression of Survivin and Bcl-2 in all samples. Cell apoptosis was examined byTUNEL method.3. The results were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 software wrap, using Chi-square, Fisher'sexact test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. Statistically significant level wasconsidered as "alpha equals 0.05".Results: 1. The Survivin positive rate in esophageal carcinoma tissues sarcomas was59.0％and none in tumor-adjacent normal tissues. The result showed a significantdifference between the two groups (P＜0.05). In highly, moderately and poorlydifferentiation esophageal carcinoma groups, the positive rates of Survivin expressionwere 44.4％, 54.5％and 68.4％respectively. There was no a significant differencebetween the two groups (P＞0.05). The Survivin positive rate was higher inesophageal carcinoma tissues of the lymph node metastasis than without lymph nodemetastasis. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05).2. The Bcl-2 positive rate in esophageal carcinoma tissues sarcomas was 69.2％and21.7％in tumor-adjacent normal tissues. The result showed a significant differencebetween the two groups(P＜0.05). In highly, moderately and poorly differentiationesophageal carcinoma groups, the positive rates of Bcl-2 expression were 44.4％, 63.6％and 84.2％respectively, there was a significant difference between the twogroups (P＜0.05). The Bcl-2 positive rate was higher in esophageal carcinoma tissuesof the lymph node metastasis than without lymph node metastasis. There was asignificant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05).3. The apoptosis index(AI) in esophageal carcinoma groups was 4.48±0.69, 12.67±2.20 in tumor-adjacent normal tissues and 30.13±4.21 in benign tissues ofthe esophagus. There was a significant difference among the three groups (P＜0.01).4. In esophageal carcinoma tissues, there was a strong correlation between theexpression of Survivin and Bcl-2 protein (P＜0.01).5. In esophageal carcinoma tissues, The AI in the Survivin positive esophagealcarcinoma tissues group and Survivin negative group were 3.43±0.47 and 4.97±0.32 respectively. The AI in the Bcl-2 positive esophageal carcinoma tissues groupand Bcl-2 negative group were 4.17±0.40 and 5.05±0.30. And the differencebetween them was significant (P＜0.01).6. No positive expression of Survivin or Bcl-2 protein was found in 39 cases ofbenign tissues of the esophagus.Conclusion: 1. Survivin protein was detected only in esophageal carcinoma tissues, suggesting that over expression of Survivin may be associated with the occurrence ofesophageal carcinoma.2. The excessive expression of Bcl-2 protein was correlated with the degree ofdifferentiation in esophageal carcinoma tissues, which indicated that detecting itsexpression may contribute to distinguishing the malignant degree of esophagealcarcinoma.3. There was a significant correlation between expression of Survivin and Bcl-2protein, suggesting that Survivin and Bcl-2 protein played a cooperative role ininhibiting cell apoptosis.4. Survivin and Bcl-2 protein maybe contribute to the occurrence of esophagealcarcinoma through cell apoptosis inhibition.5. In esophageal carcinoma, the united examination of the expression of Survivin, Bcl-2 protein and cell apoptosis detection by way of TUNEL contribute to researchthe tumorigenesis of esophagus.