Macular Morphology And Functional Changes In Eyes With Myopia

Objective To observe changes of morphology and visual function indifferent regions of macular in eyes with myopia, and analysis theirrelationships. In this way to improve our knowledge of macular changesin eyes with myopia and find reliable following-up methods for them.Method According to spherical equivalent(SE) and axisoculi(AO) 96 eyesof 57 patients were divided into four groups: group 1 with SE from -1.5～6.0D and with AO from 24～26mm(24eyes), group 2 with SE from-6.0D～-10.0Dand with AO from 26～28mm(27eyes), group 3 with SE over -10.0D and withAO over 28mmwithout visible pathological changes (26eyes), group 3 withSE over -6.0D and with AO over 26mm with visible pathological changes butnot in macular area (19eyes). We measured and recorded neursensory retinalthickness in different regions of macular by optical coherence tomography(OCT Humphery—2000). Visual sensitivity of corresponding regions were mea-sured and recorded by perimetry which was performed by HumphreyⅡ-750 visualfield analysis. We used the central 10-2 fast threshold program to examinethe changes in central 10 degree. Then we analyzed the re- lationshipbetween them, And the correlations between retinal thickness of variousmacular regions and SE were also analyzed. Result The macular neurosen-sory retinal thickness in A2～A9 region which were204.38±35.71μm, 179.88 ±26.97μm, 195.50±35.66μm, 177.00±31.85μm, 205.37±36.23μm, 163.75±28.54μm, 205.00±28.94μm, 171.75±24.92μm respectively in group 4 was thinn- erthan those in group 1, group 2, and group 3. There were significant differ-ence among various groups (P＜0.05); The macular neurosensory re- tinalthickness in A2～A9 region which were225.75±26.04μm, 217.63±23.40μm,218.63±24.50μm, 209.38±25.72μm, 234.13±26.19μm, 239.62±20.35μm, 234.13±23.20μm, 19.75±19.84μm, respectively in group 3was thinner than those ingroup 1, group 2. There were significant difference among various groups(P＜0.05). The average light sensitivity in A1～A9 region which were 30.28±2.01dB, 29.16±1.66 dB, 29.31±1.84 dB, 30.00±1.89 dB, 30.09±1.77 dB, 28.56±2.32dB, 24.13±3.60, 28 dB, 69±2.70 dB, 29.37±2.06dB respectively in group 4 was lowerthan those in group 1, group 2. There were significant difference amongvarious groups (P＜0.05); The average light sensitivity in A1～A9 regionwhich were31.27±1.46 dB, 30.46±1.65 dB, 30.33±1.59 dB, 30.00±1.46 dB, 30.54±1.52 dB, 30.37±1.73 dB, 29.91±1.82 dB, 29.79±1.66 dB, 30.37±1.41dB respectivelyin group 3was also lower than those in group 1, group 2. There were sig-nificant difference among various groups (P＜0.05). The mean defect indBare -4.82±1.59dB, -5.86±2.26dB, respectively in group3 and group 4, thatwere lower than those in groupl and group 2(-1.68±2.05 and -2.87±1.08dB), there were significant difference among various groups (P＜0.05). 3.There were significant correlations between neurosensory retinal thickness of eachmacular regions from A2 to A9 and AO in group 3 (r=-0.532, -0.693, -0.719,-0.526, -0.722, -0.510, -0.676, -0.732 respectively) (P＜0.05). There were significantcorrelations between neurosensory retinal thickness of each macular regions fromA2 to A9 and average light sensitivity in group 4 (r=0.704, 0.713, 0.784, 0.760, 0.670,0.450, 0.864, 0.609, 0.569 respectively) (P＜0.05). Conclusions With increase ofmyopic axis the neurosensory retinal thickness of macular in regions fromA2 to A9 were decreased that indicates regional selectivity and this wasmore obvious in eyes with pathological change. OCT would offer an ideal method for this exmination. With increase of myopic diopters the founctionof macular in regions from A1 to A9 were also decreased without regionalselectivity, and it decreased remarkably before the pathological changes.The central 10-2fast threshold program of peri- merry which was performedby HumphreyⅡ-750 visual field analysis would offer an ideal method forthis exmination. Macular degeneration in eyes suffering to pathologicalmyopia can be evaluated by those two methods effectively.