Analysis Of Chemical Constituents And Activity Studies On Essential Oil In Flower And Leaf Of Apocynum Venetum L.

Apocynum venetum L.is the important herbal medicine in china ,there are variety of pharmacological constituents in its root,stem,leaf and flower. Modern medical study approved that Apocynum venetum L. has all kinds of pharmacological effects consisting of diuretic,antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic, antidepressed and et al.1.The paper analyzed and identified the chemical components in essential oil from flower and leaf of Apocynum venetum L. by means of steam distillation combined with GC-MS technique, the results is which the main components in essential oil from fresh flower Apocynum venetum L.are alcohols and esters. The relative content of these components are alcohol(38.24%), esters(40.31%), aldeh- ydes0.96%, alkyls1.68%, alkene0.44%, ketone5.80%, others components are 5.95% .The main aromatic components are Ethyl Acetate(37.83%), (Z) - 3- Hexen– 1-ol(15.49%),Phenyl ethyl Alcohol(14.25%), 15-Nonacosanone(4.87%),1,1– diethoxy -Ethane(3.06%),BenzylAlcohol(2.74%), (S)-3-Ethyl -4-methyl pentanol (1.51%).2.The main components in essential oil from dried flower of Apocynum venetum L.are alcohols and esters, the relative content of components are alcohol(25.04%), esters(30.73%),aldehydes(2.64%),alkyls(2.79%),alkene(6.52%),ketone(2.94%),others are(9.96%). The main aromatic components in the essential oil from dried flower are 2-Methoxy-1,3-dioxolane(2.94%),EthylAcetate(19.64%),BenzylAlcohol(4.76%),Acetophenone(2.94%), Phenylethyl Alcohol(16.86%), Aceticacid 2-phenylethyl ester(2.30%), Benzoic acid 2-phenylethyl ester(2.39%), Squalene(6.52%). The main components in the essential oil from dried flower are same as the main components in the essential oil from fresh flower, these components are Ethyl Acetate, Phenyl ethyl Alcohol and Benzyl Alcohol. Others components are different.3.The main components in essential oil from fresh leaf of Apocynum venetum L.are alkyls, alcohols and esters, the relative content of components are alcohol (17.45%), esters(25.41%),aldehydes(3.69%),alkyls(45.05%),ketone(1.38%),others are (2.89%). The main aromatic components in the essential oil from dried flower are Ethyl Acetate(6.64%), BenzylAlcoho(l2.13%), Phenylethyl Alcohol(6.95%), Tetrade- cane(2.78%), Formicacid 2-phenylethyl ester(3.19%), Pentadecane(3.50%), Hexadec- ane3.07%, Heptadecane(2.81%), Octadecanal2.54%, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid bis-(2-methylpropyl) ester5(.91%), Nonad ecane(2.38%), Dibutyl phthalate(2.03% ) ,(Z)-9-Octadecenoicacidmethylester(2.09%), He- ntriacontane(12.94%).4. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil of fresh flower, fresh leaf, dried flower and dried leaf were determined in the filter assay. The results showed that four essential oils exhibited significant inhibition against three bacteria. Antibacterial activity of dried leaf and fresh leaf is stronger than fresh flower and dried flower, and dried samples stronger than fresh samples.5. The total antioxdative competence of essential oil of fresh flower, fresh leaf, dried flower and dried leaf were determined .The study showed that antioxdative competence of dried leaf essential oil is highest, reach545.93 unit per mill liter, fresh leaf essential oil is 402.8 unit per mill liter, dried flower is 292.6 unit per mill liter, fresh flower is lowest, only come to 84.87 unit per mill liter.6. Dried flower and leaf essential oil was extracted by 95% ethanol as solvent. Extraction rate is 0.173% and 0.16% respectively, which is higher than extraction rate by steam distillation. The aroma of essential oil extracted by 95% ethanol as solvent is similar with raw material. Essential oil is lighter green, clear and transparent. At last, the technical spe- cifications of method of 95% ethanol as solvent were determined.