A Study On Occupational Health Situation In Yiyang City

[Objective] A thorough investigation into the occupational hazardswas conducted among the industrial workers of the city of Yiyang, hopingto promote the implement of Code of Occupational Disease Prevention of PRCin the city, protect the health of the industrial workers, promote thenational economic development, and provide scientific data for theeffective control and prevention of the occupational diseases inunderdeveloped cities of the Midwest China.[Methods] In order to guarantee a consistent requirement, themethod and standard during the investigation, the professional health stafffrom the districts and counties (cities) and health cadres from the villagesand towns were especially trained group by group useing thequestionnaire. The data collected in the investigation was first examinedand verified by the professional investigators from the centers fordiseases control and prevention, and then recorded into the occupationalhealth information management system. Later for the reorganized orclosed enterprises with severe occupational hazards, typical caseinvestigation was conducted by the centers for diseases control andprevention. Finally, the current situation of occupational health in the citywas descriptively analyzed, considering synthetically the pneumoconiosisdata from 1963 to 2005, the physical examination data of theoccupational diseases from 1996 to 2005, and occupational diseaseorganizations and staff at various levels of centers for diseases controland prevention.[Results] 64892 workers in 920 industrial enterprises, 40726workers (62.70ï¼…) are exposed to occupational hazardous factors. Thosewho received physical examination account only for 13.72ï¼…. And 4.9ï¼… industrial enterprises investigated have carried out occupational healthmonitoring, with the monitoring rate being 7.29ï¼…; peasant workersconstitute 81.5ï¼…of the total industrial workers in the contracting-outenterprises; enterprises which report hazardous factors only make up5.87ï¼…of the total enterprises; and there are only 1.74ï¼…enterprises whichhave pre-work physical examination, the percentage of pre-work trainingon the occupational health is 2.28ï¼…, and the examination rate is 9.68ï¼…;there are 61.0ï¼…private enterprises. Dust are the primary hazardousfactors in our city, consequently pneumoconiosis is the majoroccupational disease, and there have been 2367 cases by the year of 2005with diagnosed pneumoconiosis. At present, the prevention foroccupational diseases in the city shows a tendency of 'Three Low andOne High': low examination rate, low monitoring rate, low pre-worktraining on the occupational health, and high incidence of occupationaldiseases.[Conclusion] In our city, the current situation is grim for theoccupational disease control and prevention. The present prevention andcontrol system is imperfect, and sometimes even remains unimplemented,which will be difficult problems for future occupational diseaseprevention. Aside from conventional hazardous factors, many newoccupational hazards should also be given deserved attention. Peasantworkers now have been the main body who are exposed to occupationalhazards. Now the existing management mechanism can hardly satisfy therequirement of the occupational disease control and prevention. A newand high efficient management pattern should be established immediatelyas the occupational disease prevention is an extremely urgent task atpresent.