The Expression Of HOXA 11 In Human Endometrium Of Infertility Hyperplasia And Adenocarcinoma

Homeobox genes are well-known transcriptional regulators that play an essential role in directing embryonic development and cell differentiation. HOX genes are involved in the development of the Mullerian system and then continue to be expressed in adult uterus. HOX genes all have a similar 180 bp sequence termed the homeobox which encods 60 amimo acid homeodomain and acts as a DNA-binding domain via a helix-turn-helix motif. HOX genes perform function by acting transctiption factors,they bind to and active or repress downstream genes,which together determine body segment identity.HOXA11 is one of the homeobox genes that plays a critical role in the development and function of the female reproductive tract. It also play an essential role in endometrial development and implantation of mice. This gene is expressed during development in the mesenchymal cells surrounding the Mtillerian duct. The proper maturation of the endometrium plays an essential role in human reproduction and disease. Implantation of human blastocyst requires proper development of the uterine endometrium to a state of receptivity. Hoxa11 is required for female fertility. Female mice with a targeted disruption of Hoxa11 are viable,but have uterine factor infertility. They produce a normal number of embryos and these embryos are viable in a wild-type surrogate, yet neither these embryos nor the wile-type embryos survive or implant in the uteri of Hoxa11 knock-out mice.Targeted disruption of Hoxa11 may reduce endometria gladular stromal development and leads to infertility. Increasing evidence indicates that HOXA11 regulate endometrium proliferation and differentiation in human, aberrant growth or differentiation of the endometrium can lead to abnormal uterine bleeding,...