Study On The Invasion-related Genes And 235kDa Rhoptry Protein In The Sporozoite Of Plasmodium Yoelii

Malaria, the deadliest of the human infectious disease with high incidence and fatality rate, is transmitted by Anopheles mosquito vectors. Control of malaria will be confronted with formidable challenge because of the rapid spread of multi-drug resistant parasite, the emergence of insecticide-resistant Anopheles mosquito and the lack of effective malaria control strategies. Now it is difficult to control malaria by traditional methods and is urgent to search alternative approaches and techniques to fight against the disease. Malaria is transmitted by mosquito bite. Plasmodium sporozoites located in the salivary glands of Anopheles mosquito enter the bloodstream and reach the liver through the KC (Kuppfer cells) of liver sinusoidal cell layer in several minutes. Then these sporozoites invade hepatocytes and develop into EEF (exo-erythrocytic forms). After multiple cycles of replication, the parasite initiate the erythrocytic cycle that causes the disease malaria. Therefore, it is possible to prevent malaria infection by interrupting the invasive Plasmodium, because the key point is the progress of hepatocytes invasion. Preerythrocytic-stage vaccine, which is aimed at suppressing the invasive sporozoites and preventing the development of the pathogenic blood stage, is one of the important malaria vaccines.The maturation of Plasmodium sporozoite infectivity follows a developmental program. With the disruption of mature midgut oocysts, sporozoites egress and access to hemolymph in the hemocoel, and then reside in salivary glands. After two days development, sporozoites get the ability to invade hepatocytes. Therfore, it is important to research the differential molecules between virulence salivary gland sporozoites and non-virulence oocyst sporozoites. Large data, which is about the target identification of the differential invasive genes and proteins of Plasmodium sporozoites, can help us to discover the molecular mechanisms of the Plasmodium life cycle stages, offer the theoretical foundation for the protection and therapy of malaria, lead to identify the novel targets of drugs and vaccines, improve strategies to control malaria in the world.In the postgenomic era, the chief task is to analyse the gene functions. However, the...