| Nano-biomaterials are intersection of nano-material and biomaterials. Nano-biomaterials have been the focus of biomaterials because of its good mechanical properties and biocompatible suface properties.Bone-like apatite, similar to inorganic components of bone, would form on the surface of biomaterials after biomaterials were implanted into animals. Bone-like apatite layer is the interface of the biomaterials and bone. It can absorb special albumen in serum, enhance adherence and differentiation ability of osteoblast on it, and promote cell to excrete fibrinogen and accelerate osteoblast proliferation.Titanium is widely used for prosthetic applications due to its excellent biocompatibility and high mechanical characteristics. In general, the Ti was coverd by a thin layer of titania on the surface, so the biological properties of titanium is mainly controlled by the presence of titania. And nano-TiO2 has good property of biological corrosion-resistance and bacterial-resistance. So the nano-titania might be a potential biomaterial for bone prosthesis.In this study, we prepared the nano-TiO2 ceramics and TiO2/HA composite ceramics. Various kinds of surface activating treatments methods were employed to modify these ceramics to make them bioactive. The dependence of the composite and shape of bone-like apatite on the treatment methods was investigated. The interaction between osteoblast and TiO2 or TiO2/HA was measured by MTT method.The SEM result showed the TiO2 and TiO2/HA ceramics in this experiment has the grain size of five hundred to one thousand nanometers. And the grain size ofTiO2/HA composite ceramics is probably dozens nanometers. It has kept the nanometer structure better, which reached the anticipated result. It's could restrain TiO2 crystalline growing up effectively in the course of sintering by adding HA. Mechanics test indicates that two kinds of ceramic mechanics properites are near that of the human body's pre-pressing bone and the mechanics properties of TiO2/HA compounds ceramic is obviously superior to that of TiO2 ceramics. It can not only improve TiO2 ceramic bioactivity, but also improve the biomethanics performance by adding HA in the ceramics.After the TiO2 ceramics were subjected to alkali-heat treatment (AH), acid-alkali treatment (AC) or pre-calcification treatment (PC), it could induce apatite foermation in accelerate calcification solution (FCS), which showed that the three kinds of treatments could ednow TiO2 ceramics with bioactvity.In order to improve the bioactive of TiO2 further, we have added the hydroxyapatite (HA) in TiO2, to prepared composite ceramics. The result indicates, the adding of HA has improved TiO2 ceramic bioactive greatly. After the TiO2/HA was subjected to AH treatment, its bioactivity was improved greatly.The biological evaluation to the ceramics showed it didn't restrain the cells activity when the cells were cultured with TiO2 and TiO2/HA ceramics. The MTT test results showed that TiO2/HA ceramics favorabled to the differentiation and proliferation of the cells more than TiO2. The results of SEM showed the growth of cell was good on the surface of immersed ceramics, and the morphology of cells was integrated, the pseudopod of cells spread outside obviously, the cells grew on the surface of materials overlaply, proliferated cells were active. These showed that the ceramics have good biocompatability. |
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