| PrefaceCardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease has been considered " the first killer" which threatens the human health. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is mainly induced by atherosclerosis, and dyslipidemia is the risk factor of atherosclerosis. So the prevention of dyslipidemia is an important problem of prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The third report of the National Cholesterol Education Progress( NCEP) expert panal on detection, e-valuation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults ( ATP Ⅲ) recommended lipoprotein analysis ( TC, LDL - C, HDL - C and TG) as the preferred initial test, and represented an update of recommendations for clinical management of high blood cholesterol and related abnormalities. The" Recommended guild-lines for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia" of China had published in 1997. The purpose of this investigation was to study the characteristics of lipid level classification and phenotyping of hyperlipidemia among Shenyang professional population.Material and method1. SubjectsAfter thorough physical and laboratory examination, 764 male (mean age 48. 67 ± 17. 65) and 780 female ( mean age 48. 13 ± 17. 32) healthy Shenyang professional populations were selected.2. Blood samplingOvernight fasting blood samples were drawn by venipuncture from the par-ticipators, serum was prepared by centrifugation and stored at - 80℃ until analysis.3. Experimental methodTC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C and Lp(a) were quantified by the commercially available kits using automated analyzer. Measure conditions, quality control, calibrators were implemented according to standardization request.4. Classification of lipid levels and phenotyping of hyperlipidemialipid levels were classified according to the " Recommended guildlines for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia" of China and NCEP ATPⅢ of US. Dyslipidemia included high TC(Type Ⅱ a) , high TG(Type Ⅳ) , high TC and TG(Type Ⅱ b) , low HDL - C. There were three borderline high groups in addition. Hyperlipidemia type Ⅱ a and type Ⅱ b must have high LDL - C levels, few type Ⅱ a included borderline high TG, and few type IV included borderline high TC.5. Statistical analysisSPSS 11.0 software was used, TC, LDL- C and HDL - C were expressed as mean ±SD, TG and Lp(a) were expressed as P50( P5 -P95) , the statistical significance of differences were assessed by independent-samples t test, a-nalysis of variance(ANOVA) and nonparametric test respectively. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analysis.Result1. Lipid levels of all participators: The average levels of TG, TC, LDL -C and HDL-C were 1.12(0.41 -2.62) ,(4.96 ±0. 86) ,(2. 83 ±0.73)and (1.42 ±0. 32)mmol/L respectively. The average level of Lp(a) was 136. 0 (43.0 -471.3)mg/L.2. Lipid levels of different sex and age groups: (1)The average levels of TC and LDL - C increased along with the age. The levels of TC and LDL -Ca-mong females under 50 ages(over 50 ages) were lower (higher) than those a-mong males in the same age group. (2) The average level of TG increased along with the age in males before 60 ages, reached peak level at 50 - 59 ages andthen decreased gradually. The TG levels of females increased along with the age and decreased slightly after 70 ages. The levels of TG among females over 60 a-ges were higher than those among males in the same age group. (3) The HDL -C levels kept stable with aging, and were higher in females than in males in all of the age groups. (4)Lp(a) is an independent variable that didn't change a-long with the age and sex.3. Phenotyping of hyperlipidemia: Only 45. 2% cases had desirable TC, TG, LDL - C and HDL - C levels, and 53.0% cases had desirable TC and TG levels in all participators. The occurrence of high TG was much less than high TC( including borderline high level). The prevalence of hyperlipidemia type II a (10.7% ) was more than typeⅣ(5.6% ) and type Ⅱ b( 1. 3% ). The prevalence of high TC of male was higher than that of female in young and middle age groups, and contrarily in pre-old and old groups. The prevalence of high TG was decreased in male groups after 60 ages, but not decreased in female groups, and it was higher in male than in female in all age groups except old group. Low HDL - C was found in more females than in males. The prevalence rate of high Lp(a) was 13.9% and the prevalence rate of simultaneous high Lp(a) and LDL - C is 3.2%. The prevalence of simultaneous high Lp( a) and LDL - C of young male is significantly higher than that of female.DiscussionLipid metabolism disorder is an important risk factor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The orderliness of lipid levels changed with sex and age of this investigation is similar to that of other domestic investigations. Low HDL - C was found in more males than in females, and high HDL - C was found in more females than in males, it could be the reason that the prevalence of CHD of males is higher than that of females. The average levels of TC, LDL - C and TG of females were higher than those of males in old group. These perhaps associated with the decreasing estrogen levels, and could explain the increasing prevalence of CHD in postmenopause females. So postmenopause female should pay more attentions to prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.In this investigation, only 45. 2% cases had desirable TC, TG, LDL - C and HDL - C levels, and 53.0% cases had desirable TC and TG levels, this illuminated the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease of this population is very high. The prevalence of dyslipidemia had no statistical significance of difference in middle age male group and pre-old male group, it should be regarded. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia type Ⅱ a is higher than that of type Ⅳ and type Ⅱ b, and the occurrence of high TG was much less than high TC (including borderline high level) ,so lowering TC and LDL - C levels should be the primary target of lipid modification. High Lp(a) is an independent risk factor of CHD and ischemic stroke, especially in young adults. The prevalence of simultaneous high Lp( a) and LDL - C of young male is significantly higher than that of female, so young male should pay attention to earlier prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.With the economic development and the standard of living improvement, TC level increased and HDL - C level decreased. As the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease has been the leading cause of death in our country, conducting the " Recommended guildlines for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia" should be regarded.Conclusion1. According to the " Recommended guildlines for prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia" of China and NCEP ATP Ⅲ of US, only 45. 2% cases had desirable TC, TG, LDL - C and HDL -C levels, and 53.0% cases had desirable TC and TG levels. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia type II a is higher than that of type Ⅳ and type Ⅱ b and the occurrence of high TG was much less than high TC (including borderline high level) , so lowering TC and LDL - C levels should be the primary target of lipid modification.2. The prevalence of dyslipidemia had no statistical significance of difference in middle age male group and pre-old male group, illuminating dyslipidemia had the tendency of occurring in young people, and it should be regarded.
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