| Studies on wheat genetic differences are useful tools for indentification new cultivars, cultivars, authenticity and seed purity in seed production and trade. Indentification the types of abnormal plants and construction the new wheat fringerprints map can provide the theoretical foundation for some research, including the new wheat seed production and breeding and testing the seed purity. In the present study morphological markers and SSR markers were employed as distinguish the types of 88 abnormal plants from the new wheat cultivar Yunong202. In order to make clear the distribution characteristics at the genetic differences level, 24 SSR markers were used to study the genetic differences and construct fringerprints of the 19 wheat cultivars (lines). It provided theoretical foundation for seed purity of the new wheat cultivar. The main results were described as the following:1. There was a relatively wide variation in agronomic characters among 88 abnormal plants. The greatest average coefficient of variations in different characters was spike number per plant which was ranged from 14.2% to 59.2% with the average of 29.3%. The smallest average coefficient of variations in different characters was spikelet number ranging from 2.2% to 10.1%, and 5.4% on average. The average coefficient of variations in all the agronomic characters among 88 abnormal plants ranged from 8.9% to 19.6%. The greatest average coefficient of variations was serial NO. 77, and the lowest was NO. 88.2. In this study, t-test method was used to test the difference of the 11 agronomic characters among the 88 materials including plant height, spike number per plant, length of the flag leaf, width of the flag leaf, length of the second leaf under spike, neck length, length of the first joint under spike, length of the second joint under spike, spike length, spikelet number and main stem grains per spike. Compared to the close control, we found the plants which had significant and extremely significant differences were 50, 10, 18, 29, 18, 14, 14, 35, 24, 24, 37 using t-test. The ratio in 11 agronomic characters of the 88 materials was accounted for the total variation of 56.82%, 11.36%, 20.45%, 32.95%, 20.45%, 15.91%, 15.91%, 39.77%, 27.27%, 27.27%, 42.05% , respectively. 3. In this study, ANOVA method was used to analysis the difference in 11 agronomic characters among the 88 materials. Compared to the close control, applying the F-test, we found the plants which had significant and extremely significant differences were 51, 10, 2, 8, 0, 14, 15, 16, 25, 11, 7, respectively. The ratio in the 11 agronomic characters among the 88 materials was accounted for the total varianc of 57.95%, 11.36%, 2.27%, 9.09%, 0.00%, 15.91%, 17.05%, 18.18%, 28.41%, 12.50%, 7.95% , respectively.4. A set of 47 pairs of SSR primers were used to identify the 88 DNA material. There were 22 to 47 polymorphic bands same as Yunong202 in 88 plants and accounted for the ratio of 46.81% ~ 100.00%. There were 0 to 25 bands different from Yunong202, accounted for 0.00% ~ 53.19%, which contains the number of bands hybrid with 0 to 15, accounted for the ratio of 0.00% ~ 31.91 %.5 The 88 abnormal plants could be divided into three types using three methods including surplus variations, natural outcrossing and different varieties (lines). Overall, agronomic characters group had 62 materials same as SSR markers group, which has the rate of 70.45%. SSR markers group had 75 materials same as agronomic characters + SSR markers group, consistent rate of 85.23%. Agronomic characters group had 75 plants same as agronomic characters + SSR markers group,consistent rate of 85.23%..6 Twenty four SSR markers were used to study the genetic differences of the 19 wheat cultivars (lines). A total of 73 polymorphic amplified fragments were detected with a mean value of 3.04 alleles per locus (ranging from 2 to 5). In comparison with relative results, the range and mean alleles per loci of the 19 wheat cultivars (lines) were less.7. The value of loci, polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.1884 to 0.7368 on an average of 0.5481 per primer. Genetic similarity between Yunong 202 and the other 18 cultivars (lines) varied from 0.208 to 0.708 with an average of 0.4102. SSR markers could distinguish Yunong 202 from the other 18 cultivars (lines). In 24 pairs SSR loci, polymorphism information content, the highest index was 0.7368 of the primer BARC059 with 5 alleles and the lowest was 0.1884 of primer Dupw25 having 3 alleles. The least primer had 2 alleles. The result indicated that the disagreement between the SSR loci and PIC value in the 19 wheat cultivars. |
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