Study On Farming System Priority Of Dry-Land Farming Area In Northwest Of China

This paper based on the status quo of shortage of precipitation, frequent droughts, severe soil erosion and poor rural economy in the northwest region, which combined with the water-saving, agricultural soil and water conservation techniques, and then taken "drought resistance, reduce erosion, increase efficiency" as a principle. By the field research, the analysis of existing technology, farmers participation, demonstration and other means and methods,summarized the farming system in the northwest dry-land systematically.In addition, this research according to comprehensive evaluation about resource efficiency,contribution to socio-economic development,food production capacity and drought resistance of the existing dry-land farming system in northwest of china. Finally the paper carried on the rank of farming system for priority, and proposed the farming system of resource conservation and efficient using, reducing erosion and drought, and also proposed drought mitigation measures.Main drew the following conclusions:(1) By the field survey on crop cultivation, animal husbandry, rural economy development in part county of Gansu Tianshui, Dingxi, Pingliang, Qingyang district, Yinnan area, Guyuan area, Baoji, Xianyang, Weinan, Tongchuan, Yan'an and Yulin areas, and comprehensive analyzed of agricultural statistical data and related literature, etc.Systematically summed up the leading dry-land farming systems in northwest of china, that were farming system of grain and oil beans grass fertilizer, complex farming system of animal food fruit, cotton (oil) rotation farming system, farming system of industry characteristics (apple)-type, drought water-saving farming system, two grains and a pasture farming system and small grains, grass-animal based farming system.(2) Systematically analyzed the various impact factors of the farming systems that based on the characteristics of dry-land farming system in the northwest of china. And followed the principles of evaluation index selection, and then selected the appropriate evaluation.With the principle of drought resistance, reducing erosion, efficient using of resources, constructed the farming system priority index system of the dry-land farming in northwest from the food self-sufficiency, land productivity and drought mitigation capacity, economic, and ecological benefits. (3) Application of BP neural network model and network training between evaluation index generated sequence of random technology and evaluation of their own level of value.By calculating, we can get the evaluation of grade value of farming System Priority. The conclusion that the farming systems priority order of dry-land farming area in northwest of china was:drought water-saving farming system>complex farming system of animal food fruit>farming system of industry characteristics (apple)-type>cotton (oil) rotation farming system>small grains, grass-animal based farming system>two grains and a pasture farming system >farming system of grain and oil beans grass fertilizer.(4) Based on results of the study on farming system priority, the paper proposed the drought mitigation strategies of farming system in dry-land farming area in northwest of china, included agricultural technology of strengthen disaster reduction, increase investments, strengthen the agricultural infrastructure, improved the ecological environment, optimization of crop cultivation, development of water-saving agriculture, formation of dry farmland in the drought and water-saving cultivation technology integration demonstration area, improved tillage cultivation techniques, improved agricultural productivity, strengthening of drought disasters and ecological environment monitoring and forecasting, raised awareness of drought and saving water, establishment of protection mechanisms.