Study On The Landscape Patterns Of Binhai Road In Shenzhen City

With the proposal of constructing ecology garden city,the urban garden landscape road is not only the important content of developing municipal transportation,but also is the one using the tree planting along road to manifest the important content of urban landscape construction such as the urban natural style and human history.The planting landscape and collocation pattern of landscape road have aroused more and more concern in every city.Through the investigation on the structure of artificial plant communities in Binhai road of Shenzhen,this paper researched on the vertical and horizontal structure of plant community.it was compared with what was designed before construction.and analyzed the reasons of the changing.Meanwhile,it utilized the diversity index of plant community and so on to judge the stability of plant community,then evaluated the stability of the plant communities to obtain different comparatively types of plant communities.The paper provided scientific theory instructions for the urban garden landscape road of cities in our country.by evaluating the presant plant landscape of Binhai road of Shenzhen.the results of research are as follows:Through the investigations of the 25 samples in Binhai road,which were different in communities varies of each samples.They were Syagrus romenzoffiana-Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia-Eremochloa ophiuroid;Elaeis guineensis-Plumeria rubra cv. Acutifolia-Eremochloa ophiuroid;Swietenia mahagoni-Pittosporum tobira-Alpinia zerumbet cv.Variegata;Syagrus romenzoffiana- Washingtonia filifera-Lantana montevidensis;Phoenix canariensis Hort.exchaub-Cocos nucifera-Hymenocallis littoralis;Lagerstroemia speciosa-Pittosporum tobira- Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia;Cocos nucifera-Pittosporum tobira- Eremochloa ophiuroid; Swietenia mahagoni-Theretia peruviana-Eremochloa ophiuroid;Chuniophoenix hainanensis-Livistona chinensis-Rhoeo discolor;Ficus microcarpa-Livistona chinensis-Hymenocallis littoralis;Caryota mitias-Chuniophoenix hainanensis -Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia;Elaeis guineensis-Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia-Hymenocallis littoralis;Ficus religiosa -Pittosporum tobira- Hymenocallis littoralis;Cocos nucifera- Theretia peruviana- Alpinia zerumbet cv.Variegata; Chuniophoenix hainanensis-Duranta repens cv.Golden Leaves-Rhoeo discolor; Chuniophoenix hainanensis-Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia-Hymenocallis littoralis; Ficus microcarpa- Chuniophoenix hainanensis- Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia; Erythrina nariegata-Pittosporum tobira- Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia;Spathodea campanulata-Pittosporum tobira- Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia;Acacia confusa-Pittosporum tobira- Hymenocallis littoralis;Ficus benjiamina-Ptychosperma macarthurii-Hymenocallis littoralis;Ficus benjiamina-Livistona chinensis -Hymenocallis littoralis;Livistona chinesis -Theretia peruviana- Plumeria rubra cv. Acutifolia;Livistona chinensis-Cocos nucifera- Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia and Cocos nucifera- Bougainvillea glabra-Hymenocallis littoralis.2.Through the analysis of plant community's horizontal structure of Binhai road, we can find that in the initial period of construction in 2000,the density of tree level is about reached 9m~2-20m~2 one tree,which investigated was 13m~2-30m~2 one tree.All kinds of tree number vary in different places.In the initial period of the construction of road,the density of tree stratum and the average distance between plants changed very largly.The change was small with relatively low density and the the average Distance between plants.This was caused by the designer of the road planting who didn't control the density of trees properly when they studied the natural plant community.3.The maximum of obvious changes of vertical level of plant community in Binhai road could reached 5 layers,that was community Q10,which accounts for 4% of the entire samples.The majority of communities are 3～4 layers.4 samples had 4 layers,which respectively were Q2,Q3,Q4 and Q11,occuping 16%.The samples which have 3 layers are Q5,Q7,Q8,Q9,Q12,Q13,Q14,Q15,Q17,Q18,Q19,Q20, Q22,Q23,Q24,are totally 16 samples,occuping 54%of the samples.there are 4 layers that have 2 communities,which respectively were Q1,Q6,Q16,Q21,occuping 16%of the total samples.4.There are fifty-six tree species,belong to thirty-four genera, fourty-0nefamilies.The top twenty trees which have the largest number are Cocos nucifera,Syagrus romenzoffiana,Chuniophoenix hainanensis,Elaeis guineensis,Livistona chinensis,Phoenix canariensis Hort.exchaub,Washingtonia filifera,Caryota mitias,Ficus benjiamina,Ficus microcarpa,Casuarina equisetifolia,Bombax ceiba,Jacaranda mimosifolia,Delonix regia,Elaeocarpus sp.,Syzygium cumini,Acacia confusa,Swietenia mahagoni,Erythrina nariegata and Spathodea campanulata.Compared to the present condition to the design,plant community composing has changed.For example,the number of Terminalis catappa,Michelia alba,Pterospermum heterophyllum,Samanea Saman reduce rapidly,the growth condition of Elaeocarpus sp and Caryota mitias are bad.Primary reasons are as follows:plant collocation and planting density are not rational;after a period of time.Some slow growth tree species stand behind the crown of forest,lack of sunshine,and growth was restrained,so they gradually died.The most regions of Binhai main road are formed through reclamation,so the high salt content of the soil affects the growth of the trees.Some trees are dead because of the disease and the poor maintenance.Through the comprison between the main diameter at breast of trees height and the initial greening design,we find that,the native plants such as Jacaranda mimosifolia,Swietenia mahagoni,Cocos nucifera,Chuniophoenix hainanensis,Elaeis guineensis,Livistona chinensis,Phoenix canariensis Hort.exchaub,Washingtonia filifera have a strong compatibility and grow well.They are in good condition,but the Elaeocarpus sp.,Caryota mitias,Jacaranda mimosifoliaand and so on have bad health condition.5.By investigating the Binhai Road,mass conmmunity have upper diversity and symmetrical degree of plants,and the community put up basal coherence.It indicated that plangting landscape and planting configure design is scientific and reasonable.It have 2 to 3 interspace levels of plant community,just as Q1,Q8,Q17,Q23,Q24,Q25.these diversity indexes of plant community and symmetrical degree are higher and more steady than other community.6.The paper utilized eight evaluation factors to evaluate plant landscapes of Binhai Road such as plant species diversity,structure of life form,ornamental characteristics,ornamental seasons,landscape space,plant in harmony with horniness landscape,plant in harmony with habitate,plant in harmony with overall landscapes. The results showed that except for the plant landscapes' of Nanshan Road's viaduct, Nanshan Road's prolongation and Shahe West Road's viaduct section is the seond degree,and the other eight sections are the first degree.It showed the abundance of Binhai Road's landscapes,and also reflected that the design of Binhai Road's landscapes have the character of visionary.7.Through the analysis of factors such as the structure of plant Community, species diversity and stability and so on,the paper summed up the most appropriate mode of plant landscape.They are Syagrus romenzoffiana- Elaeis guineensis-Alpinia zerumbet cv.Variegata;Livistona chinensis -Cocos nucifera- Plumeria rubra cv. Acutifolia;Ficus microcarpa- Chuniophoenix hainanensis- Plumeria rubra cv. Acutifolia;Livistona chinesis -Theretia peruviana- Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia; Cocos nucifera- Bougainvillea glabra-Hymenocallis littoralis;Syagrus romenzoffiana-Plumeria rubra cv.Acutifolia-Eremochloa ophiuroid;Bombax ceiba-Theretia peruviana-Alpinia zerumbet cv.Variegata and Swietenia mahagoni-Theretia peruviana-Eremochloa ophiuroid.8.When planting landscape of urban garden landscape road,this text has advised using 2 to 3 levels of complex natural plant community and choosing the local trees.When many trees have near biogeocenose levels,the arbor levels and the shrub levels should stagger at the same levels.It should popper deal with interspecific and individual relation and community consistency relation.It also should construct popper three-dimensional configuration,and enhance the view of the community landscape so as to construct continuable plant community.