Study Of Impact On Soil Physical Properties And Soil And Water Losses Under Conservation Tillage In Sloping Fields

In order to reduce soil and water losses in sloping fields and improve sustainability on fragile slopes, a study of conservation tillage with the crop Liquorice, Indigowoad Root, Lucerne, Spring Wheat, was conducted in the semi-arid area of west Loess Plateau of sloping fields. Aimed at the protection of the Loess Plateau hilly and gully area of farmland ecological environment and improve agricultural production capacity.This study is chiefly divided into two parts, the first positioning research on the conservation tillage was conducted through the establishment of 6 treatments under spring wheat and Liquorice intercropping model were: traditional farming (TWL), no- tillage (NTWL), no-tillage with stubble retention (NTSWL) and Indigowoad Root and Liquorice intercropping model were: traditional farming (TIL), no- tillage (NTIL), no-tillage with stubble retention (NTSIL) in the sloping land with 6°~7°of semi-arid area and the effect of different conservation tillage on saturated hydraulic conductivity and water/ soil loss was explored respectively. The second positioning research on the conservation tillage was conducted through the establishment of 6 intercropping treatments under traditional farming model were, spring wheat and alfalfa (TWL), potato and alfalfa (TPL), chickpeas and alfalfa (TCL), spring wheat under no- tillage and plastic covering and alfalfa (NTSWL), potato and alfalfa (NTSPL) and chickpeas and alfalfa (NTSCL) in the sloping land with 6°- 7°of semi-arid area. And probe into each intercrop tillage methods and crop rotation on soil erosion area and the impact of soil physical properties respectively.The results showed that, 1) Compared with the traditional farming (T), the surface layer (0~5cm) soil bulk density of NTS was decreased, increase the soil pore size, but there is little effect on depth of 5~10cm and 10~30cm. NTS can increase the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity of surface soil (0~5cm) significantly.2) NTS can increase the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity of surface soil (0~5cm) significantly. The total amounts of runoff and soil loss of conservation tillage of genuine traditional Chinese drugs of six treatments were TWL>NTWL>NTSWL, TIL> NTIL > NTSIL, the total of conservation tillage of strip intercropping of grain-grass-legume were TWL>NTSWL, TCL>NTSCL, TPL>NTSPL, and the difference is notable.3) Comparing 2007 and 2008 soil physical properties and soil erosion can be seen: The conservation tillage of strip intercropping of grain-grass-legume can reduce soil bulk density, soil pore size increases and the surface to increase the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. As for the Cropping patterns of genuine traditional Chinese drugs has reduced bulk density, soil pore size and saturated hydraulic conductivity have little effect. The impact of soil erosion of regional rotation to be done to further study.Conservation tillage improve soil configuration, the earth's surface runoff was reduced, which make for keep water and soil of Semiarid Area. Thereby conservation tillage is availably measure to control soil and water losses of semi-arid area sloping fields. Conservation tillage can increase agricultural efficiency and farmers to achieve sustainable development of agriculture.