Study On Landscape Diversity And Ecosystem Service Value Of The Miyaluo Nature Reserve In Western Sichuan Province

By researching into Miyaluo Nature Reserve.the type diversity,patch diversity and pattern diversity were respectively analyzed in visual angle of landscape.Besides,the service of ecological systems was estimated by using basic principals and methods in landscape ecology and eco-economics.The main results were as follows:(1) According to vegetational cover character,Miyaluo Nature Reserve was classified into 8 landscape element types.From the largest area to the smallest,they were coniferous forest, meadow,shrub forest,alpine talus vegetation,broad-leaf forest,cropland,bamboo forest and road.The coniferous forest landscape,meadow landscape and shrub forest landscape are 3 largest types,which shared 37.88%,27.48%and 17.78%of the total area respectively.Diversity index,dominance index and evenness index of the whole area was 2.1102,0.8898 and 0.7034. This indicated forest landscape diversity was reach,dominance was low and any type was dominant in the reserve.Meadow landscape located compactly and connected well.Hence,patch density and index and landscape separation index were relatively low.(2) The main forest community type,coniferous forest area which composed by Fir,shared 54.12%of forest area.It resulted in lower diversity and higher dominance(1.5228) in forest inner.With the least landscape separation(0.0774) and less patch density(0.0130),Fir patch was of fargoing distribution and good continuity,which caused habitat type and aspect monotony.(3) According to the data we collected and some original calculation,Miyaluo Nature Reserve provided ecosystem value 696441.5×10~4 Ruan per year.Those types of ecosystem value were: value of soil conservation(282816.44×10~4 Ruan)＞Value of biodiversity maintenance (52300×10~4 Yuan)＞value of carbon sequestration and oxygen releasion(92664.4×10~4 Yuan)＞value of environment purification(52300×10~4 Yuan)＞value of relaxation(32500×10~4 Yuan)＞value of water conservation(12285.79×10~4 Yuan).(4) In all types of ecosystem value that Miyaluo Nature Reserve provided,value of soil conservation and value of biodiversity maintenance occupied 40.61%and 32.15%respectively. The two dominant types of ecological service function contributed almost 70%of the reserve. Otherwise,the value of relaxation,witch occupied only 4.67%of all,was the lowest.This indicated that the function of the reserve had great potential in Eco-tourism and our reasonable exploitation and utilization will make these resources contribute a lot to local economy in future.