Primary Research Wheat Breeding By Design In Virtue Of Breeding Simulation Tool QuLine

Most important agronomic and economic traits such as yield, quality, resistance, are quantitative traits in crops. Quantitative traits not only its genetic complexity, but also the performance of low heritability, regulated and controlled by a number of QTL and each QTL is minor. Performance of these quantitative traits has led to minor QTL can not be detected, if you want to improve on these traits you must have a number of minor QTL operated at the same time. the complexity of quantitative trait take tremendous difficulties to the genetic research and application.How to improve future generations of hybrid combinations have excellent frequency and which kinds of choice is an important issue to the process of seedbreeding. A breeding project configuration of conventional breeding ,always make hundreds or even thousands of hybrid combinations every year, only 1-2% of the combinations can be selected with the objectives of seedbreeding, a large number of combinations in different generations of the selection process has been eliminated , it's waste of resources. Hence traditional breeding has inefficiency and poor predictability. The same problem also exists in the marker-assisted selection, the marker-assisted selection in the breeding process through the choice of several different strategies to achieve the target plant, which is the most appropriate strategy? How is genetic progress ? To obtain the goal of the reorganization of genotype need how many species? These problems can be solved by breeding simulation,to some extent .Therefore, this experiment will combine the traditional breeding methods, MAS with simulated molecular breeding. The simulated sofeware QuLine can be used for breeding strategies comparison, using genetic information known to the parent matching, designing breeding programs and genetic research ,and so on. to solve some practical problems, to reduce the cost of breeding time, money and access to greater economic and social benefits.1.In the single cross, which is more effective among the traditional breeding methods and the methods introduced from abroad. First molecular marker-assisted selection or first phenotypic selection is more conducive to improving the breeding efficiency, energy conservation, providing more and more hybrid combinations?2. What is the number of backcross generations of recurrent parent when the restoration will not be any major changes?3. When the distance between the marker and the target gene change, the results of marker-assisted selection in the single cross and the backcross generations?4. Genetic changes in the actual production or quality?This study will focus on these issues, with the breeding simulation software QuLine, simulated between single cross (singlecross, SC), between families of non-recurrent parent and the recurrent parent of the backcross (Backcross, BC), as well as several different groups of the actual value of simulated breeding strategy.Simulation results show that: 1. only take phenotypic selection ,P2 and P3,our traditional breeding methods,are the good choice of imported hybrid can not match the advantages of access to higher genetic progress, with more more hybrid combinations and better able to conserve resources. If we take MAS and PS two selection methods, and first PS to key traits of, then take MAS to the gene imported , we can obtain better results, the progress of genetic of the key characters and the gene imported both higher than the breeding strategies of first MAS then PS, at the same time not only reduce the number of test plants, but also save resources. 2. To the three generations of backcrossing, the degree of recovery of the major genes of the recurrent parent make no big difference .3 .Marker farther from the target gene, the lower the possibility of the target gene, at a distance of more than 387cm, the use of MAS as much as possible to choose the target gene when not to use backcross method..4. The actual yield and quality (value) in line with the progress of genetic changes.With breeding simulation , we can easily realize the selection of methods and optimized selection strategies, and directly supervised field experiment,the simulation results have begun to enter the stage of field planting. Due to the complexity of breeding, selection strategies designed can't cover all the possible programes. Through these simulation , seedbreeding with the selection process will be more targeted, predictability and clear. The simulation results of field experiments will be used for further amendments to the genetic model simulation.To the successful application of marker-assisted selection and breeding simulation, first of all quantitative trait loci must be positioned precisely, understanding the impact of trait loci distributed in the chromosome , with marker-assisted selection can be an additional genetic progress; If you want to achieve the marker-assisted selection of the traits with complex genetic system, you need to know some information on genetic epistasis. However, it is difficult to estimate epistatic effects, it also requires further study. The current understanding of important breeding traits is still far from complete, it is not possible to provide complete and accurate data and information for simulation methods. Breeding simulation program used to simulate the breeding process, because the complexity of field trials will determine the non-uniqueness and uncertainty of genetic model , in this case, a large number of possible genetic model can be used for to determine a more reasonable results. With practice - theory - the practice of the process cycle, the definition of genetic model organisms will be more in line with the law itself. Between a large number of biological data and information and breeders needs to set up a bridge ,so that the large number of genetic research findings can be used by the breeder and service forbreeding services.