Study On Urban Forest Green Space And Landscape In Jiyuan City

The urban forest was put forward and identified in 1960s abroad, and was introduced to China in 1980s. The urban forest was identified and paired attention to as the subject of urban ecological construction and the symbol of urban ecological civilization. It was also paid attention to by forestry, landscape ecology, environmental science, urban science and such sciences. However, the general quality of the urban forest in China was low because of the lagging of understanding and technology. The task to green towns and cities has regarded means as aims wrongly and blindly pursuited quantity of green space but neglected the quality because the indicators to measure the urban greening is green cover percentage and areas of public green space per capita for a long time.The rapid development of landscape ecology opened up a new scientific approach for solving the resources and environment problems comprehensively and developing eco-environment construction totally. It also introduced new theories, new methods and new ways of thinking for urban forest research and construction. The paper is on the base of referring to the achievement and the practical experience of the research of the urban forest,the concept and the definition of the urban forest has been put forward,and this paper also based on the consideration of the present situation and the trend of the urban forest and the ecological landscape architecture, analysis the urban forest green land of status of Jjiyuan city, as well as utilizing main ingredient comprehensively analyzed on the urban forest landscape of Jjiyuan city.The research of urban forest landscape became the important trend and direction in the urban forest research for the above reasons. The main contents of this paper are as follows:1. We took the effect ion of cooling and humidification as sample to show the ecological service function of urban forest.We intercompared with the ventilated psychometric observation method with two sets ventilated psychrometers per sample plot on evergreen green space community structure of trees, brushes and grasses and deciduous green space community structure of trees, brushes and grasses and open area. The conclusion indicated that the temperature of deciduous structure was lower than that of evergreen structure, and the temperature of evergreen structure was lower than that of open area. The relative humidity of deciduous structure was higher than that of evergreen structure, and the relative humidity of evergreen structure was higher than that of open area. This showed that plants dissipated water to environment through transpiration, absorbed heat from the environment largely, decreased temperature of environmental air and increased the relative humidity of environment. The effect ion of cooling and humidification improved the city's micro-climate largely and improved the urban living comfort.2. We concluded the following conclusions on the basis of analysis on urban forest and green space:1)The total level of urban forest in Jiyuan City hasn't taken up to good urban forest environment. So, the existing trees couldn't play a similar function of forest to effect the urban micro-climate sufficiently. 282 hm2 of urban forest and green space should be added in urban to take up to 30% of urban forest green ratio.2)Some special types urban forest was up to the standard of forest. Green buffers and productive plantation area had good effect ion of forest. Some urban forest green space such as green space on campus and in public was similar to forest environment. Qualities of other type trees were less and hardly had the effect ion of forest.3)The residential greenbelt ratio was low in total urban forest and green space. So increasing the green space and green amount per area should be paired more attention in the after construction of urban forest and green space.4)In the green buffers and productive plantation area, the total amount was insufficient, the species of trees was monotone, the distribution was not equal, the quality was low and the ecological function was fragile. This was the main problems in the urban forest construction. We should pay attention to tree's disposition and quantity to format near-natural solid complex storey of community in structure and model of urban-rural integration landscape community.3. We analysised the status analysis of urban forest and green space and landscape in Jiyuan City systemly on the basis of analysis on urban forest landscape. The landscape pattern was evaluated comprehensively in different green space using cumulative value of product of principal component and contribution rate through principal component analysis method. Through the comprehensive evaluation of green land per capita, green coverage, average patch area, landscape dominance and diversity index in four districts in Jiyuan City, we concluded that the first was Shuangqiao district, the second was Beihai district, the third was Tiantan district and the last was Jishui district. According this, the following advices were made to point out the direction for sustainable development of urban forest in Jiyuan City and to provide scientific basis for urban forest construction in Jiyuan City. The advices were as follows:1) Improving green coverage and green area per patch, especial green area in Jishui district and Tiantan district.2)Improving public green area. Inspiriting people emigration in the population dense area and build huge central park to the aim of 6 m2 per capita of public green space in the central area of urban.3)We should build the forest of City and Countryside and enlarge the area of Greenland in heavy industrial to satisfy the ecological demanding of residents.4)At the time of constructing green space, the urban forest landscape should be optimized to play the ecological benefit of urban forest landscape sufficiently.