Studies On Drought Resistance And Physiecological Characterastics Of Main Wheat Cultivars In Henan

In order to clarify the Ecophysiology characterastics and yield traits of wheat under different irrigation conditions, a field experiment with two irrigation regimes (natural drought and irrigation) was conducted with field-grown winter wheat of 15 cultivars as experimental materials during 2006-2007 at 863 water-saving agriculture Demonstration Farm of Yuzhou. The strong drought-resistance winter cultivars include Kehan 1, Yumai 2, Luohan 3 and Luohan 6. The high yield winter cultivars include Xinmai 18, Xunong 5, Luo4518, Tongzhoumai 916, Wenmai 18, Taikong 6 and Zhengmai 366. The winter cultivars with drought-resistance and high yield include Zhoumai 18, Kaimai 18, Jimai 20 and Zhengzhou 9023. All of them are the main varieties of Henan province. The main results were summarized as follows:1 Leaf Chl and Chla were similar.They increased gradually before anthesis stage, then decreased at anthesis stage. Chl of irrigation treatment increased more rapidly than that of natural drought treatment at anthesis stage. Leaf Chlb under irrigation treatment was simlar with that of leaf Chl and of Chla. But leaf Chlb of natural drought treatment increased during its all growing stage. wheat cultivars leaf Chla/b changed more at booting stage.2 Leaf water content and leaf relative water content were consistent from over winter stage to anthesis stage. The difference between these two teatments and among these wheat cultivars appeared at grain filling stage. Leaf relative water content decreased more than that of leaf water content at grain filling stage, and leaf water content and leaf relative water content under natural drought treatment decreased more than those under irrigation treatment.3.There was only one irrigation between the two treatments at booting stage, so many agricultural traits (stem length,arista length, flag leaf area and ear length) under the two treatments have no notable difference. But thousand kernel weight and spikes per ear under irrigation treatment were bigger than those under natural drought treatment.4.The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that there were positive correlations or negative correlations between some Ecophysiology indices and agronomic characters. Chla/b at over winter stage was negatively correlation with the drought-resistence modulus of thousand kernel weight, Chlb at jointing stage was negatively correlation with yield under natural drought treatmen, Chl and Chla were positively correlation with thousand kernel weight. Flag leaf area at grain filling stage under irrigation treatment was negatively correlation with the drought-resistence modulus of thousand kernel weight.This experiment showed that agronomic characters of the high yield wheat cultivars (Zhoumai 18, Xunong 5 and Wenmai 18) under two treatments were high, such as stem length, arista length, flag leaf area, ear length and spikes per ear. And thousand kernel weight of these wheat cultivars were bigger than those of other wheat cultivars.5.This experiment showed that Chla at booting stage, spikes per ear, thousand kernel weight, flag leaf area and leaf water content can be regarded as the markers of wheat drought-resistence .