The Study Of Isolation & Identification And Application Of Antagonistic Strain Against Penicillium In The Polluted Edible Fungus

China is the main manufacturer of edible fungus with annual output Of 9 milliontons, obout above 65％of gross produce in the world. Jintang county is one of thethree principal producer in China,and it has many categories as Mushroom,Agaric,Pleurotus ostreatus,Pleurotus eryngii(DC.ex.Fr.) Quel and etc, more than20 species. Its annual output is more than 4000000 tons with annual productionvalue more than 14 billion yuan。Zhaojia town is a important producer in Jintangcounty, even its food production value could not match with it. And it is famous forthat its products are not only provided for domestic market, but also extend tosoutheast Asian, Europe and American. As a edible fungus producer base, it has abig problem in serious bacteria pollution (including virus pollution)nowadays, insome cases the pollution ratio is high than 50％.It gets a heavy loss in financial forbacteria pollution. We must seriously pay heed to prevention.Presently, there are two methods that can protect edible funguns from bacteriapollution.1. High temperature sterilizing. It means that the raw materials must be heat-treated before inoculability;2.Using sterilizing preparations (mainly chemistrypreparations).But chemistry preparation always has remain toxin, it will affect thequality of edible fungus and will decrease export value result in a loss in financial.Thus,to find a safe and effective way for prevention is urgent. Making use of theanti- microorganism in the natural environment to keep germ from encroachingupon is always called biological control. So it not only can avoid being a problemwhich caused by the chemistry agrochemical of remain and also it is safe to theenvironment and mankind's healthses.After the analysis of pollution germ bag sample which got from Jintang Countyedible fungus producer base,we found that the main polluting germ are fungi, germand line of defence germ and virus, the so-called diseases which are harmful toedible fungus are almost caused by above-mentioned germ, and insect pest mainlyare fly, acarid and etc. Among them a kind of penicillium, which was authenticatedby analysis producing yellow green mildewed, is the most serious.(P. Chrysogenum).This research aims at penicillium polluting germ, we can get its antagonist fromexperimental culture collection by selection, and prepare antagonistic preparation.Then we will carry on a small-scaled experiment in the field, and detect its functionsof biological control.We configure suspensoid of pollution germ in different concentration gradients,then we can get a back-up from activating the experimental culture collection aftertwo Direct-Piled-Up shifting, and the inhibition zone was large and clear. Aftershifting of the antagonistic effect of a best No.12 antagonistic strains in itssurrounding growth of Penicillium, have a significant inhibition zone. No.12antagonistic strains of morphological features, and a series of training physiologicaland biochemical characteristics, No.12 strains of Bacillus cereus.Screening of the antagonistic bacteria identified by its inhibitory mechanism made an initialdetermination. Different periods of broth through a filter, removing bacteria centrifugation, thesupernatant leave inhibition experiments. The results show: The effective antibacterialcomponent of bacterial metabolites, and the fermentation metabolites with the passage of time, concentration gradually increased, Fermentation in the best around 60h inhibitory effect lastinginhibition time.By antagonistic bacteria agents safety testing showed: The preparation ofmushroom mycelium from birth, has a good safety. Common sterilization agent andformaldehyde, chlorothalonil, Abamectin inhibitory effect more than No.12 antagonisticfermentation supernatant antibacterial effect not only obvious, and lasted longer. 9d in trainingafter inhibition zone are still more than 40mm, and the higher the concentration of broth, and theantifungal effect more noticeable. By comparison experiment, we can see that the antagonisticstrains No.12 obviously better than chlorothalonil, formaldehyde and abamectin Preparation willbe good preparation for antagonistic bacteria Chengdu Jintang County mushroom productionbase, respectively mushroom, grown Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii Kyi and the four species ofmushroom Jundai plaque bacteria for pollution control practice. To the above three types ofpollution Mushroom Jundai the group; per lesion rim with 1 ml of agents of pollution Jundaiinjection or spray. After the application of adhesive tape used to seal the break, train lateStatistics eliminate pollution Jundai lesion number.Mushroom growth in the process, pollutionfrom the breeding rate under control, mushroom mycelium quickly cover over pollution lesion,so as to achieve the elimination of pollution. Field results show: antagonistic agents on theabove 3 Mushroom pollution Jundai the inhibitory effect of good, a success rate of 80％.