| Land Consolidation as promote the rational use of land use structure adjustment and an important means of land relations, realizing the rational allocation of land resources, improve the land utilization rate and improve the ecological environment has played a role should not be underestimated, has increasingly become the focus of social concern. China's "per capita farmland is less arable land reserve resources shortage", the basic conditions of the land-use decisions should focus on rational and economical use of land on the site. As industrialization and urbanization speeds up, people will become more prominent in contradiction, also facing food security and building occupants, development and protection of contradictions. It can be said that in the foreseeable future remains a land of scarce resources. Therefore, land consolidation is effectively ease the contradiction between people and land, land-use issues to resolve the inevitable choice. Currently on the land consolidation of research focused on engineering technology, funds management, land ownership, etc. However, the studies of the influence of land consolidation on soil quality were few. Therefore, taken the land consolidation program in Chongqing Hechuan (nation project) as research object, the influence of land consolidation on soil quality were studied by the mathod of field investigation and indoor analyze, to providing theoretic gist for improvement of soil fertility, land resource managed practice and agricultural resources sustain utilize. The main experiment results were as follows:1 Effect of Land Consolidation on soil physical propertiesSoil water characters changed little relatively, Through analysis the soil know the soil field capacity increace3.94%,3.41%,5.17% than the untrimmed soil. The soil field capacity at 26% in the future. We estimate the soil total reservoir capacity bases on soil field capacity, the soil total reservoir capacity increace. Bulk density of soil was more than untrimmed soil. The content of > 0.25 mm diameter soil aggregate increased after land consolidation. Finishing one year after the destruction of the aggregate rate than not finishing the great.After land consolidation, the soil thickness changes in the range of 240-870 mm. After finishing 1,3 and 5-year average effective soil layer thickness were not finishing higher than the soil 343 mm, 393 mm and 440 mm. collectivity average incrassation 392 mm. Land consolidation increased the soil thickness, about 40 cm at mean compared to the untrimmed soil.2 Effect of Land Consolidation on soil chemical propertiesLand Consolidation of the soil pH to a certain extent the impact, the effect is not obvious, An average of about 6.5. After finishing 1, 3 and 5 years respectively increase 3.24 cmol/kg, 3.01 cmol/kg, 2.62 cmol/kg compared with untrimmed soil. Soil organic matter respectively increase 7%, 5%,9%, The average increase 7%.Finishing one year after the alkali soil nitrogen content of not finishing lower than the soil, after finishing three years and five years of alkali soil nitrogen content of not finishing higher than the soil; Finishing before and after the total phosphorus content in soil mixed, after finishing 1 year and 3 years of soil than not finishing the soil were reduced by an average of 9% and 14%, 5 years after finishing than not finishing the soil of soil were increased by an average of 45%, the rate of increase An average of 7%, total phosphorus content of the soil in 5 years after finishing increased, and after finishing one year and three years of not finishing in the soil by soil are reduced through land consolidation after the soil of the minerals potassium into the exchange of state K, making potassium content higher than not finishing the soil, after finishing 1, 3 and 5 years respectively, an average increase of 15%, 36% and 4%, an average increase of 19% overall. The potassium content of the soil is gradually reduced, after five years of natural weathering after some exchange of potassium into soluble potassium and leaching loss. K content in the soil is not finishing, collate and organize one year after the soil after three years with the lower slope at first increased to reduce the law.3 Effect of Land Consolidation on soil microorganism propertiesAfter land consolidation project, quantity of soil bacteria and actinomycete increased and soil microorganism population also increased which was more suitable for crop growth. The 3rd year after land consolidation was soil microorganism activity time. Soil microbial biomass carbon changed greatly with the year of after land consolidation project and could increase soil microbial biomass carbon. Land consolidation increased soil microbial biomass nitrogen. Land consolidation reduced soil urease activtity with the time trend in the decreased of the 1st year after land consolidation project > the 5th year after land consolidation project > the 3rd year after land consolidation project. The effect of land consolidation on soil catalase activity would show out after five years. It had negative effect on soil catalase activities within five years after land consolidation. Soil alkaline phosphate enzyme activities of the soil in gradient of 2°-6°and 15°-25°were increased. In soil between 6°-15°gradient, the alkaline phosphate enzyme activity was lowest, but the soil alkaline phosphate enzyme activity in 3rd or 5th year was higher than it of the soil which hadn't done land consolidation project. The content of nitrifying bacteria increased after done land consolidation project. Quantity of nitrifying bacteria increased with the age of land consolidation in each slopess. Land consolidation could reinforce nitrification. The nitrifying bacteria quantity was not keep the step with nitrification. It indicated that soil nitrification not completely determined on the soil nitrifying bacteria quantity. |
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