Study On Planting Technology System Of High-yield And High-efficiency For Dry Land Potato In Semi-arid Area Of Central Gansu

Four field experiments were conducted in semi-arid area of Central Gansu to study varieties,banlanced fertilization,water supplement,aquasord on dry land potato.The aim was to make sure the new varieties for popularization,the best fertilization,the appropriate period and amount of water supplement,the best way of combining aquasorb and fertilization,and to study on planting technology system of high-yield and high-efficiency for dry land potato in semi-arid area of Central Gansu. The main results as follows:1.The comparative experiment on variety screened out L9901-10 and L0032-19 preliminarily.They were medium-late varieties.Most tubers of the two varieties were moderate in size.The tuber amount of per hole was over 5;the weight and yield ecceeded 560g,20000 kg/hm2 respectively.They had the marketable to total yield ratio and other characters also performed well.2.The experiment on banlanced fertilization showed that,in OPT,the amount of K2O was appropriate;P205,the lower and the N,little higher.The best suitabale rate of N∶P2O5∶K2O was 100∶150∶75(N 200kg/hm2,P2O5300kg/hm2,K2O150kg/hm2). the best yield was 24216.7kg/hm2 that was 1.2 times of local production level.Compared with the yield in non-P treatment,the treatment with 1/2 more P resulted in the of 7510.8 kg/hm2 (increased by 44.96%).The yield was increased 25kg per 1kg P2O5 applied.The net income was increased to 3262 yuan/hm2.So the effect of phosphorus fertilizer was very prominent.3.The experiment on water supplement on potato showed that, the key stage that potato in dry land needed water was squaring stage.In the stage,potato was very sensitive to the change of water.The yield and water use effeciency (WUE) of treatment B3 that water supplement was most were the highest,and respectively were 19166.5kg/hm2 and 52.7kg·hm-2·mm-1.Compared with no water supplement treatment,yield and water use efficiency in the treatments with water supplement is high.4.The experiment on aquasord showed that,canopy area of potato was increased by 17.5～52.7% after adding aquasorb compared with past.With the treatment of combining aquasorb and fertilization,the photosynthesis rate of the leaf in different growth stage was enhanced,and the growth period was prolonged by 8～12d,and the tuber amount and the weight of per hole was increased,and the tuber yield was increased by 24.7～27.8%.The treatments of combining aquasorb and fertilization were benefit to the growth and yield of potato.In all ways,combining aquasorb and N,P fertilizer(B3) was best.