| Vaccinium L., Ericaceae, the genus vaccinium spp, perennial green-like or deciduous, shrub or small shrub. There are about 400 Vaccinium species all over the world, respectively, distribute in North America, Central and South of America, various areas of Southeast Asia.China is rich in wildlife resources, there are about 91 species,28 varieties distributed in the southwest and northeast.Blueberry fruit is bule-purple for view, and rich in nutritional value and medicinal value, in recent years, stem and leaf of Blueberry has become a new medicine resources.Because of its potential economic value of the Vaccinium L., more and more attention is paid on the Vaccinium L. culture. Southwest area including Chongqing is mainly distributed red, yellow, acid soil, suitable for Vaccinium L. However, because of its slender roots and shallow root distribution, the demand of water is higher.Chongqing and other regions usually are arid, so drought has become the constraints of Vaccinium L. cultivation in Chongqing.Currently, the breeding works for Vaccinium L. are almost conducted in foreign, the research on Vaccinium L. in domestic more focus on the improvement of cultivation techniques and the annlysis of its nutritional value and medicinal value, Vaccinium L. breeding is still blank.This study is about mutagenize on in vitro shoots of Vaccinium L. varieties V5 and m6 with EMS. And then, preliminary screening of the mutant plants from M0 is practice in the way of observation, record and analysis, hoping to get a better mutant plant. And Mo generation plants was treated under drought stress, by meature the changes of SOD activity, POD activity, the content of MDA, the content of soluble sugars, the content of proline and the content of protein to supply basic research data about the Vaccinium L. drought-control breeding.This study were divided into three parts:(1). In vitro conditions, the Vaccinium L. varieties V5 and m6 were treated with EMS, and then observe, record and analyze morphological changes of shoots in vitro. The results showed that:In the process of treatment, because of the change of the osmotic potential, shoots mainfest drought symptom, with the extension of time, the symptom disappear; EMS may affect the growth potential of Vaccinium L.; EMS may be able to turn Vaccinium L. growth from slender to stocky; EMS impact on the type of blueberry branch; EMS have influence on the average proliferation rate of the tip.By analying the morphological variation, the optimum concertration of V5 varieties is 0.5% and 0.3%, the optimum concertration of m6 varieties is 0.5%.(2). The Vaccinium L. varieties V5 and m6 were treated with EMS, and then observe, record and analyze morphological changes of Mo generation. The results showed that:there are morphological variations of the two varieties, V5 showed significantly larger leaves, variegated leaf, branch was enhanced markedly, leaf crinkle; m6 showed ability to significantly enhance the performance of branches, leaves were uneven, mosaic type, the branches creeping growth.(3). Analysis of the six physiological indicators of Vaccinium L. varieties V5 and m6 M0 generation with drought stress, SOD, POD, MDA, soluble sugars, proline, soluble protein.In the condition of all indicators have equal effect to drought resistance, the results show that:V5 drought resistance ability of the processing:0.4%=0.5%> 0.6%> 0.1%=0.2%> CK> 0.3%,0.4% and 0.5% treatment plant drought resistance was significantly higher than CK, so the EMS treatment of 0.4% and 0.5% may be have drought resistance mutants; m6 drought resistance ability of the processing:0.5%> 0.1%> 0.6%> 0.2%> CK> 0.3%> 0.5%,0.5%and 0.1% treatment plant drought resistance was significantly higher than CK, so the EMS treatment of 0.5% and 0.1% may be have drought resistance mutants. |
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