| The climate of Ordos plateau is belonging to typical temperate zoon continental climate, and the available water was limited. Agriculture was much water consuming, and dependent for water intensely. Scarcity of water was the major limitation on agricultural development. Corn was the main crops on Ordos plateau. The study on the relationship between water consumption and yield was the base of fixing the economic irrigation norm and proper irrigation time: Therefore, carried out the study on crops technical irrigation model under the sprinkler irrigation in the region was guaranteed by water-saving irrigation system, with great meaning, both in regional and national.In order to search for the best sprinkler irrigation technical model of maize on Ordos plateau, the large-scale of field experiment was conducted. Studied the dynamic change of soil moisture and the growth of maize, the change of yield components and the characteristic of water consumption of sprinkler irrigation maize, and quantitatively analyzed the relation among irrigation quota, yield and water use efficiency, at last, put forward the technical sprinkler irrigation model. The main results as follows.1. The variation of each soil layer's moisture under sprinkler irrigation method was small throughout the whole growth period, and the moisture of 20～60cm layer was higher than others. The initial soil moisture and time affected the redistribution of sprinkler irrigation water, and the effect was small to traditional method relatively.2. The plant height of maize was raised with the increase of the irrigation norm and turned different trend on different growth period. The leaf area of maize was increased with the increase of the irrigation norm and the difference was significant. The effect of irrigation norm was very significant with the number of seeds per ear,1000 seeds weight and weight of per ear; significant with the ear length and seed number per row; insignificant with seed rows per ear and the number of ears.Yield was increased evident with the increase of the irrigation norm, and there was close correlation between them.3. The correlation between yield and yield components showed that yield was very significant correlation with seed number per row, the number, of seeds per ear,1000 seeds weight, weight of per ear and the number of ears; and the correlativity was ordered from more to less as, weight of per ear> 1000 seeds weight>the number of ears>the number of seeds per ear>seed number per row; yield was insignificant correlated with ear length and row numbers per era.4. The characteristic of water consumption of sprinkler irrigation maize like this:the water consumption, the percentage of stage water consumption and water consumption rate were all increased with the increase of irrigation norm. In the whole growth period, the water consumption rate was increase and then decrease by the progress of growth period and the peak value was appeared at the period of jointing to heading, the mean water consumption rate of the stage was 4.89 mm·d-1.5. Sprinkler irrigation norm and was positive correlated with yield and passive correlated with WUE. The highest value of WUE was turned before the highest value of yield. The rate of yield increase was lower than the rate of WUE decrease. Sprinkler irrigation was benefit to increase WUE and the effect was significantly higher than traditional irrigation.6. If wanted high yield under the sprinkler irrigation at the experimental district, the recommended technical irrigation model was irrigated 8-10times in the whole growth period and the irrigation norm should not be less than 5400 m3·hm-2. |
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