Effect Of Combined Application Of Organic-inorganic Fertilizer On Yields And Quality Of Vegetables In Southwest Main Growth Mode

Field experiment and chemical analysis were carried out to investigate the influence of combined application of reducing chemical fertilizer/organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and three organic materials(maize stalks, rice stalks, mushroom residues) on yield, quality(Vc content, nitrate, reducing sugar, amino acid), nutrient contents and economic benefit of mustard tuber and Brassica napobrassica L. The aim was to study the best fertilization scheme of increasing vegetable yield, improving the quality, saving agricultural cost and increasing benefits, and provide the theory basis for exploring and spreading organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. The results showed that:1. Combined application of reducing chemical fertilizer/organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and different organic materials can improve the yield of mustard tuber and Brassica napobrassica L. Compared with the chemical fertilizer 100% treatment, combined application of the chemical fertilizer 60% treatment and maize stalks (12000 kg/hm2) increased the total yield of mustard tuber, stem, leaf by 5.8%,7.8%,2.9%; Combined application of the chemical fertilizer 80% treatment and maize stalks (12000 kg/hm2) increased the total yield of Brassica napobrassica L and leaf yield obviously; Combined application of the chemical fertilizer 90% treatment and rice stalks (9000 kg/hm2) increased obviously the total yield of mustard tuber, stem, leaf by 6.5%,5.9%,7.6%; The total yield of Brassica napobrassica L and stem were highest when chemical fertilizer 70% treatment with rice stalks (9000 kg/hm2) used, and the highest yield of leaves appeared in chemical fertilizer 80% treatment.Combined application of two kinds of specialty fertilizer and maize stalks can increase the yield of stem and leaves of Brassica napobrassica L, special compound fertilizer (2) was better than special compound fertilizer (1); two kinds of specialty fertilizer with rice straw can only increased the yield of leaves of Brassica napobrassica L, and with mushroom residues can increased the yield significantly, The yield of Brassica napobrassica L was in order of special compound fertilizer(2) 80%+ mushroom residues(M)> special compound fertilizer(1) 80%+ mushroom residues(M).2. Combined application of reducing chemical fertilizer/organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and different organic materials can improve and enhance significantly the quality of mustard tuber and Brassica napobrassica L. Experimental data show that, compared with the chemical fertilizer 100% treatment, content of nitrate in stem of mustard tuber decreased by 10.2%～37.2%. Combined application of the chemical fertilizer 70% treatment and maize stalks increased the content of reducing sugar and amino acid of Brassica napobrassica L by 0.8% and 22.3%, lowered nitrate content significantly at this time, content of Vc and reducing sugar of mustard tuber also increased by 7.6% and 5.0%; The amino acids content of stem of Brassica napobrassica L were highest when chemical fertilizer 70% treatment with mushroom residues(H) used, then the content of nitrate minimum.Combined application of two kinds of specialty compound fertilizer of Brassica napobrassica L and mushroom residues (M) increased amino acid content of stem greatly, in addition to special fertilizer (1) 100% treatment, the other treatments reduced the content of nitrate significantly by 9.0%～38.3%.3. The analysis of stem and leaves nutrient content of mustard tuber and Brassica napobrassica L showed that, the N, P, K content of leaves of mustard tuber were highest when chemical fertilizer 70% treatment with maize stalks used, increased by 11.1%,18.2% and 22.3% compared with the chemical fertilizer 100% treatment. Combined application of reducing chemical fertilizer and rice straw conducived to N, P, K nutrient accumulation of stem of mustard tuber, and N, P, K content of leaves and K content of stem increased significantly of Brassica napobrassica L.Combined application of reducing chemical fertilizer and mushroom residues conducived to N, K content absorbed by stem, and the highest content of N, K nutrient appeared in chemical fertilizer 90% treatment. Combined application of specialty compound fertilizer of Brassica napobrassica L and maize stalks/mushroom residues can significantly improve the N, P, K content of leaves and K content of stem.4. From the economic point of view, the pure income were the highest of mustard tuber when chemical fertilizer 60% treatment with maize stalks used and chemical fertilizer 90% treatment with rice stalks used, the income respectively was 26443.2￥/hm2,34036.9￥/hm2; increased 2881.4￥/hm2和2221.0￥/hm2 compared with the chemical fertilizer 100% treatment. The pure income were the highest of Brassica napobrassica L when chemical fertilizer 70% treatment with rice stalks used, increased 3982.5￥/hm2 compared with the chemical fertilizer 100% treatment. Combined application of reducing chemical fertilizer/ different organic materials specialty compound fertilizer of Brassica napobrassica L and mushroom residues, the pure income were 22223.5￥/hm2～27149.8￥/hm2, increased 1258.9￥/hm2～6185.2￥/hm2 compared with the chemical fertilizer 100% treatment, and the higher pure income of special compound fertilizer treatments than reducing chemical fertilizer treatments.