Study On Germplasm Collection And Genetic Diversity Of Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maxim

Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim is a kind of perennial herbaceous Lianas, distributing Zhejiang, Anhui, Henan, Jiangsi, shanxi province , et al. in China. In order to provide the basis of new cultivar, the genetic diversity of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim were studied combining with the morphology, molecular biology, and histoanatomy. At the same time, the regeneration system of tissue culture were established. The results followed as:1. The primary agronomic traits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. such as seeds, 100 grain weight, were significant different among and within groups. There were 3 types according to the morphology of leaves from seedling stage and seed character, the first was a large light green leaves, ovate with heart-shaped edge of tooth thinning, belonging to wild type from Anhui; the second was dark green leaves, ovate with heart-shaped edge of tooth thinning, belonging to edible seeds; the tird was dark green leaves, with lobate rhombohedral ovate with heart-shaped edge of tooth scatter , belonging to the medical and edible type.2. Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim ISSR-PCR reaction system established in this study. The screened 15 ISSR primers with amplified 112 loci, 101 polymorphic loci, the polymorphism rate was 90%. The genetic distance, array of coefficient of genetic similarity, and molecular dendrogram were established by ISSR data, the results showed that that samples of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim obviously can be divided into three types: the first were edible type, coming from Changxing, Zhejiang, Qingyuan; the second were both edible and medicinal types, coming from Zhejiang Pinghu, Zhejiang Jiande, Anhui, Henan, Jiangxi, Shanxi kirilowii; The third type included wild Anhui Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.All of these showed that there were high genetic polymorphism among the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim germplasm, which was consistant with the traditional classification.3. The histoanatomy of leaves, stems and petioles of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim was studied. The results showed that the structures of the leaves, stems and petioles from different collected areas were stable, which was not consistant with the traditional classification.4. The tissue culture system of Trichosanthes kirilow Maxim were esteblished in this study, through the different growth hormone. The results showed that MS+3.0 mg·L-1 6-BA was optimal to induce callus from leaves, and 1/2MS+0-0.5 mg·L-1NAA was the optimal rooted culture medium for thecluster buds.