The Primary Study On The Ecological Function Of Five Herbaceous Flowers In The Garden Beautificution

As a subsystem of urban ecosystem, the gardens and parks have much positive effect onthe beautification of environment, ecological balance and sustainable development of city.Herbaceous flower is the main part of garden beautification, which beautifies the city byimproving the color and environment. However, the ecological function of flower in the citysometimes is ignored in the selection of species, people are inclined to choose those morecolorful and beautiful flower in the process of beautification. Therefore, we have conducted acomparative study on the ecological function of several herbaceous flowers for the purpose ofimproving the effect of the beautification, especially in the expression of ecological function.This research is a base study on the ecological function of herbaceous flowers, which can actas an integrated index of evaluation of the garden plants and provide a guideline forconfiguring the flowers in the beautification. This study had been conducted from the May toSeptember of 2005, the middle and last ten days of every month. And the study area locates inthe campus of Northeast Normal University, which is located in the south part of Changchuncity, Jinlin. 5 species of herbaceous flower were selected as experiment material, they areTagetes erecta L., Salvia splendens Ker GawL, Petunia hybrida Vilm, Begonia semperflorensand Colcus blumci Benth. We classified the Colcus blumci Benth into I and II due to thesignificant difference of color. The main factors related to the ecological function of flower inthis study are Leaf Area Index (LAI), Green Quantity (GQ), O2-Emitting, CO2-Fixing,Adjustment of Humidity and Heat-absorbing, Disinfection and Dust-removing. And theresults are showed as follows: (1)The LAI of Petunia hybrida Vilm. and Begonia semperflorens is the optimum valuein all the growth season, so they can have a fully photosynthesis than others. (2) The ecological function of flowers do not follows the GQ, some functions (eg.CO2-Fixing and O2-Emitting) has a closed relationship with the ecological characteristic offlowers ( eg. the ability of photosynthesis, the intensity of respiration etc). (3)The order of the CO2-Fixing and O2-Emitting from high to low among these flowersin the same month is: Tagetes erecta L.> Salvia splendens Ker GawL > Petunia hybridaVilm.> Colcus blumci Benth .I> Begonia semperflorens > Colcus blumci Benth. II. Tageteserecta L. is the best one in the aspect of CO2-Fixing and O2-Emitting and it reaches thehighest in June (the value of O2-Emitting is 61.039 g.m-2.d-1);Colcus blumci Benth. II is thelast one which expressed the function of O2-Fixing and CO2-Emitting, and the value comes tothe lowness in September(the O2-absorbing value is 18.191 g.m-2.d-1).(4)The relationship between the pure photosynthesis rate of leaf and contents ofchlorophyl is inclined to power, and the chlorophyl(a) has much effect on the photosynthesisrate.(5) In the aspect of Adjustment of humidity and Heat-absorbing among these flowers,Begonia semperflorens showed much effect than others, and the value of heat-absorbingcomes the biggest in July (the heat-absorbing value is 13804.53 kj.m-2.d-1), and the Colcusblumci Benth.II is the last one ( the value of heat-absorbing is 4201.33kj.m-2.d-1).(6)The order of the ability of dust-removing among these flowers is Petunia hybridaVilm > Begonia semperflorens > Colcus blumci Benth.II> Salvia splendens Ker GawL >Colcus blumci Benth.I> Tagetes erecta L.(7)The order of disinfection among these flowers is Colcus blumci Benth.II> Colcusblumci Benth.I> Salvia splendens Ker GawL > Begonia semperflorens(8) Among these flowers,the ability of CO2-Fixing and O2-Emitting of Tagetes erectaL.is more strong than others, so it should be planted in the area with more people and moreO2 consumption. Begonia semperflorens has much more function in temperature andhumidity adjustment, it can be planted in the arid area of a city. Petunia hybrida Vilm andBegonia semperflorens can remove the dust well, especially in controlling and preventingthe dust of second times, hence it should be planted in the area with much dust. Colcusblumci Benth. kills the pathogen more effectively than other flowers, so it should be plantedin the area with more bacteria.