| This experiment was conducted to study the effect of long term heat exposure and diets on performance of different strains geese of JLAU . In this paper , the JLAU I strain (meat breed ),JLAU III strain (egg breed) and JLAU cross strain geese (crossed of I and III) thirty respective were selected as experimental animals . they were named A ,B,C strain , the experiment was designed as two factors interaction replicates , A strain geese were randomly divided into A1,A2,A3 group , B into,B2,B3 group and C into C1,C2,C3 . A1,B1,C1 group were raised in the house , A2,B2, C2 group and A3, B3,C3 group were raised in the warm-house A1,B1,C1 and A2,B2,C2 were feed on the Diet 1, but A3,B3,C3 were feed on the Diet 2 with fresh alfalfa (count by dry material ) replacing Diet 1 by 6% . Feeding experiment ,metabolic experiment and blood biochemical parameters analysis were conducted to study the effects of long term heat exposure and diets influences the performance of different strains JLAU geese,the difference between the strains were assessed simultaneously.The results are showed as follows:The temperature of the house in which A1,B1,C1 group were breed was varied from 17.08℃ to 24.90℃,that is comfortable for geese to live in ,and the temperature of the warm house was varied from 21.15℃ to 36.47℃, those geese raised in it were exposure in long term heat.Feeding experiments indicated : Long term heat exposure had significantly affected the performance of A2 , B2, C2 group geese. Comparing with A1,B1,C1group ,the ADFI and daily gain of A2,B2, C2 group reduced significantly (P<0.01) . The ADFI of A3 ,B3 and C3 group were increased (P<0.05),daily gain of C3 grouse is increased significantly (P<0.01) and feed/gain were reduced.Metabolic experiments indicated : By long term heat exposure , the metabolic rate of DM, ADE of A2,B2,C2 group were significantly reduced (P<0.01),there were significant temperature by strain interaction effects on the metabolism of DM and ADE .The metabolic rate of DM of C1 group were significantly higher than it of B1 group (P<0.01) or A1 group (P<0.05). The metabolism of CP of A strain were significantly higher than that of B or C strain (P<0.01) , the metabolism rate of Fiber of C strain were significantly higher than that of B strain (P<0.01) and higher than that of A strain (P<0.05) .The metabolic rate of Fat were reduced P<0.05) .There were no differences between A2, B2 ,C2 group and A3 , B3 , C3 group in the metabolic rates of DM , ADE , Fiber and Fat. There were interactions between diets by strains on the metabolic rates of CP of A3 , C3 group ,which were increased.The analysis of serum chemical parameters indicated : By long term heat exposure A2 , B2 ,C2 groupgeese were significantly reduced compared with that of Al, Bl ,C1 group (P<0.01) . The levels of TP in the serum of A strain were lower than that of B or C strain (P<0.01) ,while the levels of GOT were higher than that of B or C strain (P<0.01) .The levels of ALB in the serum of A2 and C2 group were significantly reduced (P<0.01) , the levels of ALB in the serum of B2 group were reduced (P<0.05) result in the significant temperatures by strains interaction . The levels of CPT in the serum of A2 , B2 , C2 group were reduced (P<0.01 or P<0.05) ,and the levels of CPT in the serum of C2 group were higher than that of A2 or B2 group (P<0.01) result in the significant temperatures by strains interaction .The levels of ALP in the serum of A2 , B2 group were reduced (P<0.01) , the levels of ALP in the serum of A2 group were significantly lower than that of B2 , C2 group (P<0.01) result in the significant temperatures by strains interaction . The levels of TG in the serums of A2 ,B2 , C2 group were significantly increased (PO.01) .There were no difference between A2, B2 ,C2 group and A3 , B3 , C3 group in the levels of Glu , GPT , TG , CHO in the serum . the levels of CPT in the serum of C strain were significantly higher than that of A or B strain (P<0.01). The levels of TP in the serums of A3 ,B3 , C3 group were increased(P<0.05), The levels of ALB in the serums of C3 group were significantly increased (P<0.01) ,and B3 increased (P<0.05). The levels of ALP,GOT in the serums of A3 , C3 group were significantly increased (P<0.01), the levels of ALP in the serums of C3 group were significantly higher than that of B2 or C2 group ( P<0.01) result in the significant diets by strains interaction .From the results . such conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1) During long term heat exposure ,the performance of each strain were significantly decreased (p<0.01),but the degree of the affects on performance was differ with strains, temperature most significantly affected the JLAU I (meat breed) than the other two strains.(2) During long term heat exposure ,the metabolic rate of DM,ADE,CP and the digest rate of CF of each group were significantly decreased(p<0.01) ,the metabolic rate of Fat was decreased (PO.05) ,there are difference in the metabolic ability of different strains ,and take on distinctive characteristic in different strains.(3)By long term heat exposure , the levels of Glu ,TP and GOT in the serum of three strains were significantly reduced , TG was significantly increased ,and the long term heat exposure affected the levels of ALB, GPT and ALP in the serum of geese significantly result in the significant temperatures by strains interaction (4)By long term heat exposure, the cross geese which had been fed on fresh alfalfa (count by dry material ) 6% in diets ,whose daily gain was significantly increased and feed/gain was reduced ,the metabolic ability of CP was increased, some blood biochemical parameters were significantly improved ,the bad effect of high temperature on cross geese had been alleviated to some degree. |
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