Study On Straw-covering Technology In Shanxi Province

Shanxi Province, at the east of the Loess Plateau, is located in the typical semi-arid region in northern China. There are several factors that restrict the agricultural development of Shanxi Province, such as drought, shortage of water resource, low efficiency of water utilization, serious soil erosion, and infertile soils etc. According to the shortcoming that limits stable agriculture development, the straw-covering technology has been testing, demonstrating, and spreading in main crop area for more years by agricultural science workers, and now straw-covering technology has become a set of complete agricultural technology system with very many remarkable profits in dry farming area. At present, straw-covering technology keeps to important function to continue agriculture development in Shanxi Province. For the sake of systematic and objective and scientific analyzes of straw covering technology, the author wrote the thesis by careful and earnest collection to instruct agriculture production. According to the characteristics of straw-covering technology applied and the effect of natural and social economic condition, the thesis is combined theory knowledge with practice experience, and is combined the field experiments with expanding application, and is combined local application with region application. The thesis illustrated the field experiments of straw covering technology, and explained the technical step of straw covering technology, and analyzed the benefit and investment of straw-covering technology. The study on the mechanism of increasing yield of straw covering technology illustrated that straw covering technology influenced agricultural ecosystem environment and crop growth. Straw covering technology includes straw covering technology in wheat mulching wheat straw 3000～7500kg per hm2, and straw covering technology in corn mulching corn straw 7500～15000 kg per hm2, and straw covering technology in orchard mulching straw 18750～22500kg per hm2 or grass 60000kg per hm2. The paper indicated that straw covering technology have many advantages, such as reducing work, saving time, saving investment, adding soil water, improving soil fertility, reducing soil erosion, obstructing environment pollution, increasing yield and benefit because straw covering technology is applied in agriculture production as a modern mulching agricultural technology with good application and easy operation. The paper showed that straw covering technology is the best choice for dry farming after plastic film mulching applied and should be extended over large area in the semi-arid region of Shanxi Province.