The Studies On The Biological Characteristics, Population Dynamics And Breeding Methods Of Dastarcus Helophoroides(Fairmaire)

Forest is the largest ecosystems in the world, which is the foundationof ecology security, and playing an important pole in continuable proceeding.Forest plant diseases and insect pests were aggravated and overspread these years,which had a great bad influence on environment, foreign trade and economydevelopment. In southern part of our country, especially in Guangdong ProvinceMonochamus alternatus Hope was the mainly endangered pest. For the irrational and a great lot usage of pesticide, the effect was not onlytiny, ibut also it contaminated entironment and kill and wound enemy, a viciouscircle was coming into being. With global people's appealing and the requiring ofcommunity developing,green and safe methods required to appear. Biocontrolmethod played an important pole, which would replace pesticide's dominantstatus, accepted gradually by people. Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) was a predominant natural enemy ofmedium and large size of pine longhorn beetle, Monochamus alternatus Hope,playing a very important role in the naturally controlling of the beetle. Thereports about Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) parasited on Monochamusalternatus Hope were rare in domestic and abroad. In Guangdong Province, wefound Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) parasited on Monochamus alternatusHope. So the research on the morphology, biology and ecology of Dastarcushelophoroides (Fairmaire) which parasited on the Monochamus alternatus Hopewould give us some ideas or suggestions on controlling the population ofMonochamus alternatus Hope, and preventing the spread and increase ofBursaphenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle by using Dastarcushelophoroides (Fairmaire). From August in 2002 to May in 2004, the authors had made a systematicsurvey on the presence of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) in some area of 10山东农业大学硕士学位论文Guangdong Province, and given a primary research on the biology, ecology andutilization of the natural enemy, the main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) The distribution of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) in GuangdongProvince was gained. Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) mainly distributed inthe Pinus massoniana Lamb. tree forests, especially when the trees was seriouslydamaged by the Monochamus alternatus Hope, and under this condition thepopulation of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) would increase rapidly. Insome area, the parasitic rate of Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire onMonochamus alternatus Hope could reach 79.1%. (2) Some systematic experiments on the morphology, biology andpopulation dynamics of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) in the laboratory ofGuangdong Forest Research Institute were made, and the results would providesome scientific theory for the purpose of propagation indoors, and conservationand utilization outdoors. The population dynamics of Dastarcus helophoroides(Fairmaire) was surveyed in Guangdong Province. The results indicated that thepopulation functuations of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) are depended onthe population density of Monochamus alternatus (Hope), which would providesome scientific basis for preventing and controlling Monochamus alternatusHope by using biological method. (3) Detailed research on the biology on Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) was made in Guangdong Province, including the developmentalperiod of larvae, pupae and adult. The developmental period of larvae and pupaeaveraged 5.3 days and 26.4 days, respectively. The life span of adult averaged200.5 days. (4) The Tenebrio molitor L. and Arhopalus unicolor (Gahan) could beserved as the substitute host instead of the Monochamus alternatus Hope for thepropogation of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) indoors. The results showedthe food range of adult of Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) was wide. Itcould eat its own pupae, wood, Tenebrio moliter and Arhopalus unicolor (G...