| Danshen is one of the Chinese Materia Medica (CMM), which comes from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, a kind of medicinal plant. With the rapid increase of requirements for Danshen and the decrease of wilding Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge resource, more and more areas are entering on Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge planting. In order to insure the quality of Danshen, standardizing planting must be carried out and the critical technique must be studied.In this paper, the effects of different soil water on the water consumption characteristics, growth dynamic, physiological response, content of active components were systematic studied by outdoor pot cultivation experiment, meanwhile preliminary irrigation and drainage system was advanced. The results are expected to provide scientific basis for standardized water administration in practical planting. The main results were as follows:1. In whole growth stage of 195d, under suitable soil water treatment and moderate water stress treatment, the water-consumption was 24.608 and 21.438kgH2O per plant respectively. Water-consumption between the middle of June and the end of August was more than 65% of whole, which was significant higher than that before middle of June and after August. Series change of water consumption and transpiration rates in daytimes were measured, the curves showed two high points at 10:00 a.m. and 14:00 p.m. respectively in sunshine days, whereas a relatively low water consumption and transpiration rate appeared in noontime. Contrast to suitable soil water treatment, the average water consumption and transpiration rates of moderate water stress treatment decreased 23.16 and 26.44% respectively.2. Under moderate water stress, the average height of stems and the average lengthen of leaves decreased 10.44% and 14.74% respectively, diameter of root declined remarkably, while lengthen of root increased. Materials accumulation, especially aground materials was disadvantaged by moderate water stress; while in root enlarging period, moderate water stress accelerated materials transferring from stems and leaves to roots.During the drought period, water content and water potential value descended; chl content increased in early stage while decreased in later stage; SOD activity declined, POD activity ascended, CAT activity increased in early stage while decreased in later stage, it was showed that Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge had drought resistance to a certain extent. Under moderate water stress, Pn Tr and Gs decreased 12.43%, 27.04% and 30.43% respectively; transpiration efficiency ascended 20.02%. During long period moderate drought, roots yield, stems and leaves yield and biological yield descended 5.31%, 14.75% and 10.37% respectively, but ratio of root to shoot, economic index and WUE of yield level increased, transpiration coefficient declined.The period of the middle to the end of September was crucial for accumulation of SaManic acid A; the periods of the end of July to the end of August and the middle of October to the early of November were critical of accumulation of Tanshinone II A- Moderate drought circumstances accelerated accumulation of active components.3. hi different growth stages, high soil water, moderate water stress and suitable soil water were carried out; the results indicated that water-consumption, yield and active components content were significant in different treatment. The water-consumption of which suitable soil water applied in whole growth stages was lower than that of whichever growth stages applied high soil water, higher man that of whichever growth stages applied moderate water stress. High soil water favored the growth of stems and leaves, but disadvantaged me growth of roots. Neither stems and leaves nor roots grew well under moderate water stress. Yield was highest under whole growth stages with suitable soil water. Whether carried out high soil water or moderate water stress in anthesis impacted on accumulation of materials remarkably. The yield loss was smaller when moderate drought was carried out in per...
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