Study On Allocation Of Irrigation Canal System And Agricultural Water Management System

Water resource is rather shortage in China, with the expanding of population and the developing of social economics, the demand for the water will increase continuously, the conflict between the provision and the demand for the water resource will become more and more serious. However, the irrigational water is very large in proportion to the total water resource in China. Therefore, carrying out water-saving irrigation and high efficiency of water use is the essential way for sustainable development of agriculture. At present, both the agricultural water efficiency and the productivity of 1 m3 water are rather low, one of the important reasons is unreasonable allocation of the irrational water and the lagging management technique for transportation and distribution of water. Based on the cause, in this paper the research objective has been established by carried out the practical investigation deep into irrigation districts to find out the actual situation of the allocation and distribution of irrigational water, to collect the relative information and to carry out the analysis and summation. Finally, some main research results have been found out as follows:Based on the deep analysis for the water allocation method in IDs at present, the ideas of the water price as for the lever, the market as for the direction, and promoting reasonable allocation of the water resources have been put forward. Now, most of irrigation districts in our country still use the traditional water allocation method. When the water supply is more then the irrigation water requirements in IDs, then carry out the water distribution according to need or obeying the superior' command. When the irrigation water requirement is more then the water supply, the water allocation will be according to irrigation area or depending on the priority of water use. This traditional water allocation method is un-useful the reasonable distribution of water resources. At first, this method can't supply the water depending to the crops water needs. Second, the water losses will be very serious. Sometimes so much water cannot be service and waste, but otherwise the farmers cannot obtain the irrigate water for their crops. So carrying out the floating water price system, adjusting the relation between the water supply and irrigation requirements is an appropriate method.(2) Put forward the optimal water distribution model that can give attention both benefits of irrigation management agency and farmers for multi-crops irrigation at the same time. Based on the optimal water distribution research works by Yao Chongren(1989) and Wang Zhinong(1993), also the crop water production function of Jensen's model(1968), set up the linear programming model that the full-irrigation and limited irrigation areas as for the decision-making variables, the object is the maximum of the gross economic benefit of agriculture and irrigation management agency. This optimal model can suit to the water distribution at the main canal and branch canal system. (3) Developed the irrigation water management system that is strong for currency use, friendship for interface and simple operation. This system can carry out four functions as data base management, planning water use, water allocation in canal system and summation of planning water use.(4) Using the micro-computer technology. Solve the interface problem between the application program and the data base, realize the tree structure for application into irrigation data management and primarily constitute the irrigation data base that are reasonable structure, clear arrangement and definite relationship.