Studies On Relationship Between Human Activities Intensity And Ecosystem Health Of Wuling Mountain Forest Park

As the ecotourism development in 1980's, some of the forest parks in our country launched ecotourism. The ecotourism industry not only brings huge economical benefit, but also has a bad effect on ecosystem health. Hence, The conception of ecosystem health be recommended in this paper. The relationship between human action intensity and ecosystem health be studied on the base of assessment of forest ecosystem health.In this paper, the conception of forest ecosystem health is defined firstly. And defined temporal-spatial scale as well. Made up assessment indicator system which be used to assess Wuling mountain's ecological factors, such as plant,soil,water etc. The major conclusion are as the following:1)Human activities on vegetation coverage are the most obviously. Human intervention is increasing while vegetation coverage decreasing to 2 multiple. Human activities intensity has restricted more bigger herbage growing, which made some bryophytes with the trample capacity and go-with-people plant appeared. The number of species individuals of quadrate 2 ,3 in the medium intervene intensity are more excessive. In contrast with the quadrate 5 which has less human intervene, because of the plant individuals are more bigger, the number of species is decreased.2)As human intervene intensity augment, both of the a -diversity index and the homogeneity index are decreasing. But the quadrate in the medium intervene intensity can be augmented plant species, in that a -diversity index also be augmented.3)Human activities' effects on soil mainly from 0-20cm depth. Soil be deteriorated by human activities, such as trampling, laying on, and throwing rubbish etc.4)The soil hardness, water content and unit weight of soil are heavily affected by human activities. Intervene intensity augment while water content decrease.. But the hardness and unit weight of soil increase as well. The soil structure is impact, so the number of root in depth from 0-20 is decreased.5)The plant is being destroyed by human trampling. The small soil on surface be flushed by rain. Hence the stone on soil surface increasing. And soil mechanical composition also changing. The content of grain whose diameter<0.05mm and diameter <0.005mm is decreasing with human intervene increasing.6)human intervene, result in dead sticks and humus on the surface of ground and the content of organic matter beside roads decreasing. And the content of total P, total N, available N, available P, available K also decreasing. Plant on soil surface being destroyed result in pH besides road increasing.7) The water hardness ,pH and content of ion affected by human activities. The water hardness increase because of Ca2+and Mg2+ increase with the intervene intensity augment.In a word, at forest park of Wuling Mountain, the forest ecosystem besides roads 5m length is more healthy. On the base of complex analyzing of each indicator, It is necessary to control human activities intervene and make sure the activities that human beyond the limited roads when developing ecotourism and other activities at forest park of Wuling Mountain. In that, human activities intervened the forest ecosystem less and the ecosystem can easily recover itself.