| ABSTRACT Up to now, development, production, tradition and consumption in nuisanceless food are becoming a trend, but it is slow in litchi. Through research technology of pest control about litchi, nuisanceless food have improved, we try to develop serial effective measures as a system that are based on agricultural control and biological control as a nucleus, with necessary chemical control and physical control, in order to offer theoretic basement and technological guidance. The main results are following:Firstly, The studies on the community and population dynamics of main pests and natural enemies in harmless area in litchi orchard in Shenzhen City.The main insect pests and natural enemies community in Shenzhen city include 9 orders (insecta: 8 orders, spider: 1 order) and 50 species. The insecta includes 32 families and 48 species, and the spider includes 2 families and 2 species. In the whole insect community, the main insect pests that have been defined include 32 species, which hold the 64% of whole community. The natural enemies (including predatory and parasitical enemy) include 18 species, which hold the 36% of the whole community. The main insect pests are Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, Tessaratoma papillosa (Drury), Aleurotrachelus sp., Panonychus citri (McG.), Dacus dorsalis (Hendel), Olethreutes leucaspis Meyrick, Aceria litchii(Kiefer), Thalassodes quadraria Guenée. The main natural enemies are Chrysopa sinica Tjeder, Stethorus punctillum Weise and so on. The main litchi pests accord with the physiological growth period of litchi. The dynamics of dominance index, richness, diversity and evenness were analyzed; and the dynamics of main insect pests and natural enemies population were analyzed, too. Finally, adopting the several common parameters and methods of hierarchical cluster average linkage(between groups)by SPSS10.0 statistical software, author researched the insect community during Jan , 2003 to Dec, 2003 in Shenzhen city.Secondly, The predatory functional response and searching efficiency of Stethorus punctillum Weise on Panonychus citri (Mc Gregor)The functional response models that female and male Stethorus punctillum Weise preyed on Panonychus citri (McGregor) were Na=0.8786N/(1+0.0101N) and Na=1.0682N/(1+0.0178N) respectively. Relationship between the amounts of mite preyed by ladybirds and mite density showed a negative accelerative curve . The daily maximum number of mite preyed theoretically by the female and male adult ladybird was 48.5309 and 44.2299 mite, respectively. The searching efficiency decreased with the increase of predatory density, and the female and male's mathematical models were E=0.2289P-1.4871 and E=0.2216P-1.4660, respectively. The mutual interference of female, male and female and male mixed population among individual predators and preys could described by Hassell and Vasley's equation were E=0.9777P-2.2479, E=0.9479P-2.2403 and E=0.9786P-2.2648 respectively.Thirdly, Study on the breeding biology of Litchi Fruit Borer, Conopomorpha sinensis BradleyThe litchi fruit borer (LFB), Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, is a key pest in litchi and longan.orchard. According to the inspection in the orchard and research in laboratory, the morphological characteristics, differences between female and male moth, life habit, periodism of eclosion, periodism of mating, ovipositional choice and attractant effect of a live virginal female moth were observed, respectively. The results show:(1)3-day-old moths performed higher rate of mating behavior than others, LFB's mating behavior appeard the highest peak at 9～10hr after dark. And the rate of performing mating behavior was up to 23.33%. (2) Some unknown materials that stimulated and attracted LFB to lay eggs on the surface of fresh litchi fruit, and the materials should to be researched as attractant of LFB in the future.Fourthly, Organochlorines and pyrethroid pesticide residues were determined in Litchi by Gas ChromatographyThe organochlorines and pyrethroid pesticide residues in Litch... |
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