| Nowadays,the size of power system becomes bigger and bigger ,it not only breaks city boundies,province boundies but also forms lots of power grids among zones and countries. Its configuration and way of running tend to become complex. Once the power takes place accident, the afteraffect is quite serious, so it requires modern attemper system can command the power system's practical running state and forecast and analyze its running trend, and the voltage phase of generatrix is the primary state message that reflect system's running state and stability, so the voltage phase which is measured by the real time can provid trenchancy gurantee for safe attemper,stabilization control and so on. So it will be the key factor to realize power system's stabilization stakeout and control.Firstly it investigates the philosophy of measure of PMU and its potential application value in power system .Secondly aiming at solving the placement problem of special application of PMU, it investigate the models of state estimation based on Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition system and the measurements of PMU and put forward the optimize placement method of PMU, which is to increase the precision of state estimation. And introduce optimal placement of PMU considering direct solvable power flow and system coherency separately. In the end, aimimg at solving the placement problem of PMU which is to realize power system observable completely make use of an improved fast method of power system observability to analyse the system's observability and decide the initial placement method of PMU, which insure the system is completely observable, but usually this method is not the optimal one. So in this text, a hybrid genetic and tabu search method is used to reach the optimization of the whole net. The results of simulation in Matlab software show the optimal algorithm is efficacious.
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