Natural Light Environment Design And Research In Art Museum

The Museum has its origins in 4000 B.C. Until today, the museum is not only the place of exhibition, research, and preservation, also is the place of education, communication, and amusement. And the museum is a sign of civic improvement and civilization in a country. Also, the museum building changed the"close space"and the classical temple or palace to the compound building of humanization, history, and arts. Today, the natural light environment design of museum becomes more and more important.The natural light environment in art museum can be decompounded to three factors: human, light, and architecture. The physiological and psychological character of human vision is the subject of the environment. The natural light indoors is the object. And the architecture is the carrier which concludes the space of museum building and the exhibits in museum. They are restricted and promoted to each other.The work of architecture is the product of function and art, so does the light environment. The opening of daylight is the keystone of the technology of natural light environment in art museum, because the type of daylight opening has a huge effect on the Internal Space and the Exterior Shape in art museum. The daylight opening has three types: side window, clerestory window, and top window, which is sorted by its position. The clerestory window and the top window are the most popular daylight opening types in art museum. The shadow effects, the Rendering effects on Environment color of natural light and the effects on constructing of space sensibility and Place Spirit by natural light are the most important aspects of the art in natural light environment of art museum. The method of natural light environment design in art museum is not the standard of museum technology. It is more abstractly and more interesting. It has a constant tension with some subject factors such as: Artistic Accomplishment, personality etc. The writer summarized the methods of natural light environment design in art museum through the relationship of light and space, the constructing of space sensibility and Place Spirit by natural light. It shows the advantage of natural light.According to the analytic hierarchy, the writer proposed an evaluating method of the natural light environment in art museum which is a compound system of several interacted factors. This method provides a succinct and effectual approach for the evaluation of natural light environment. Also it is an objective basis for the further research of natural light environment.