Synthesis And Characterization Of Ionic Liquids And Sensitized Dyes In Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

People pay extensive attention to dye-sensitized solar cells because its conversion efficiency had been greatly enhanced by Gratzel research team using firstly nanotechnology in 1991, dye-sensitized solar cells provide a new approach to utilization of solar energy.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) is mainly composed of conductive glass, porousnano-TiO2 thin films, dyes, counter-electrode and electrolytes. In this paper, the dye and the electrolyte were made a brief summary and studied.1. In this paper, imidazolium ionic liquids were investigated. First of all we synthesized N-methylimidazole using imidazole and dimethyl sulfate as substrates, with improved productivity, then we synthesized four iodoalkanes and four corresponding imidazole iodizes. The structures of [i- PMIm]I, [n-PMIm]I, [i-BuMI] I, [i-C5MI]I have been characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) technology.2. In dye-sensitized solar cells, sensitized dyes play a role of harvesting light and transmitting electron, and is of paramount importance to photovoltaic conversion efficiency.After referring to extensive literature, we successfully synthesized the pure organic dyeⅠthrough Vilsmerier formylation, witting reaction, Heck reaction and Knoevenagel condensation reaction, then we designed and synthesized dyesⅡ～Ⅲ. Then replacing cyanoacetate with methyl cyanoacetate, we synthesized dyesⅣ～Ⅴto explore the relationship of the molecular structure and absorption spectra and provide a reference for the design of new sensitized dyes in the future. The structures have been characterized by IR and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) technology.