Environmental Impact Study Of Coal Mining

Coal resources is in dominant position in China's overall energy. To promote economic development, expanding the scale of mining inevitably will produce a series of environmental problems, and in the future China's main energy structure will be coal for a long period of time. Therefore, research of the environmental impact theory of coal mining and quantitative techniques methods has important theoretical and practical significance.This paper chose Underground Mine as the main object of study, the system thought as a guide, and conducted a systematic research on the theory, technology and method of coal mining environmental impact with the steps of "the source-Source Emissions Characteristics - Pollutants impact analysis establish quantitative model-model verification", and formed quantitative methodology on the environmental impact of coal mining, key results are as follows:(1) Atmospheric environmental impact analysis:atmospheric pollution are boilers, waste rock field, coal and waste rock storage, handling, transport; the main pollutants are SO2, smoke and TSP; generated pollutants have adverse affects on human health and the environment; established model of atmospheric environmental impact analysis, including the Gaussian diffusion model, the effective source of high model and source intensity model, which can reflect the environmental impact of coal mining on the atmosphere.(2) Water environmental impact analysis:waste water in coal mining process are mine water and sewage; mine water main pollutants are SS, sewage pollution factors are CODCr, BOD5,and so on; coal mining led to water resources reduction and water pollution; establish water environmental impact analysis model, including water quality analysis model, water amount analysis model, highly fractured zone impact model when coal mining subsidence guide water, karst water inrush coefficient model.(3) Land use impact analysis:industrial sites, waste rock field and transport roads tie up space, gob lead to surface deformation, which expressed as surface cracks, collapse or small landslides, established surface deformation prediction model.(4) Sound environmental impact analysis:mine noise sources are: blower, induced draft fan, electric saws, winches and screening, transport vehicles; noise affect human hearing system; established noise analysis model, including noise attenuation model, contribution value model and prediction model.(5) Ecological environmental impact analysis:subsidence area, waste rock field and industrial sites led to land productivity decline, vegetation cover reduction, soil and water loss; established ecological environmental impact analysis model, including the land productivity model, vegetation coverage model, soil and water loss model, Greenland coefficient model.(6) This paper selected a coal mine as research verification object to analyze environmental impact of coal mining with environmental impact model and technical methods. The comparison of environmental impact analysis results and the actual situation show that the theory and technical methods are feasible and can provide the theoretical basis for pollution prevention and ecological restoration measures.