Utilize The Bamboo Processing Residuals For Making Bamboo Carbon And Bamboo Activated Carbon And The Research Of Absorption Effect

Environmental pollution and resources shortage had been two very serious problems under the development of society. Reutilization of waste resources not only can decrease environmental pollution, but also save resources. Bamboo was a kind of very important biomass resource, and there were lots of residuals in bamboo processing. Bamboo residuals were prepared to be bamboo carbon and bamboo activated carbon, which could take their advantage and features with many pores and rich fiber to prepare absorption materials in environmental treatment. It has significant value in environmental treatment.The bamboo processing residuals were collected according to 3 different parts including branch, burl and root, and these parts were produced to be bamboo carbon, then the bamboo carbon was activated to produce bamboo activated carbon with certain mass ratio of activated agent including alkali and acid to carbon. The adsorption ability of bamboo carbon and bamboo activated carbon was measured through adsorbing phenol, methylene blue, fuchsin acid and Pb2+. The influence of time, temperature and pollutants concentration on bamboo carbon and bamboo activated carbon absorbing the pollutants above mentioned was studied, and finally the inner structure of bamboo carbon and bamboo activated carbon was measured to explain their absorptive mechanism. The research results were summarized as follows:(1) The bamboo root carbon was the best among the three parts of carbon in the absorption of phenol, methylene blue, fuchsin acid and Pb2+. Alkali bamboo activated carbon had best absorption ability when the mass ratio of KOH to the bamboo carbon was 0.8:1. Acid bamboo activated carbon had the best absorption ability when the mass ratio of H3PO4 to the bamboo carbon was 0.6'.1. The bamboo root activated carbon had best absorption ability among the three parts bamboo activated carbon by using same activated technology.(2) When bamboo activated carbon was used to absorb phenol, the best time was 30-40min, temperature was 30℃, the maximum absorption content of alkali bamboo activated carbon was 96.62mg/g, and that of acid bamboo activated carbon was 92.6mg/g. When bamboo activated carbon was used to absorb methylene blue, the best time was 120-13 Omin, temperature was 30-40℃, the maximum absorption content of alkali bamboo activated carbon was 266.4mg/g, and that of acid bamboo activated carbon was 272.3mg/g. When bamboo activated carbon was used to absorb fuchsin acid, the best time was about 150 min, temperature was about 40℃, the maximum absorption content of alkali bamboo activated carbon was 290.5mg/g, and that of acid bamboo activated carbon was 277.1mg/g. When bamboo activated carbon was used to absorb Pb2+, the best time was 180-200 min, temperature was about 10℃, the maximum absorption content of alkali bamboo activated carbon was 82.03mg/g, and that of acid bamboo activated carbon was 91.1mg/g.(3) The results from SEM scanning and porosity analysis indicate that the bamboo carbon and bamboo activated carbon have bigger pore than the commercial activated carbon, the porosity of bamboo root carbon is 0.740, the porosity of alkali bamboo root carbon is 0.790, and the porosity of acid bamboo root carbon is 0.755. After being activated at high temperature, the acid bamboo activated carbon can absorb alkali wastes and heavy ion better for more acid groups on its surface, and the alkali bamboo activated carbon can absorb acid wastes better for more alkali groups on its surface. The average pore size of bamboo activated carbon was about 20A. The specific surface area of bamboo root carbon is 110.3536m2/g, that of alkali bamboo root activated carbon is 475.6645m2/g, and that of acid bamboo root activated carbon is 462.0694m2/g, so the specific surface of bamboo activated carbon is about 4 times bigger than the pre-activated. The total pore volume of bamboo activated carbon also increases greatly more than the pre-activated. The total pore volume of bamboo root carbon is 0.0904cm3/g, that of alkali bamboo root activated carbon is 0.260533cm3/g, and that of acid bamboo root activated carbon is 0.235291cm3/g. The absorption ability of bamboo activated carbon increases greatly more than the pre-activated for the increasing greatly of its specific surface area and total pore volume. The bamboo activated carbon is suitable for absorbing bigger molecular substance for there are more big pores in it.