Motivation Study And Construction Of An Horizontal Transfer Payment System For Ecological Compensation In China

Human society is facing an increasingly serious threat to the ecological environment, and the government is duty-bound in the governance of this type of public affairs, like ecological problems. The management tools, approaches and technologies of ecological environment are diverse, but no matter what the treatment is, it will eventually involve a fundamental issue, that is how to arrange the fund of environment protection. Horizontal transfers system is a good solution to this problem in theoretical studies, and this paper agree with that, it will study the necessity and feasibility of lateral transfers in "ecological compensation" perspective.The second chapter is about the necessity of ecological compensation transfer payment system. The ecological compensation should be addressed through intergovernmental transfer payment system, which is due to the public goods properties and externalities of ecological environment.However, there will not be a uniform solution to the ecological compensation because of its particularity and complexity. Therefore, according to the scope of externalities, specific solutions include longitudinal and horizontal transfer payment system. Since most of externalities are regional, this paper will pay more attention on horizontal transfer payment system.The third chapter is about the motivation of the horizontal transfer payment system. Why the horizontal transfer payment system has not been universally implemented in practice even though it is superior theoretically? My studies show that an assumption has been implied in the study of the horizontal transfer payment system ----- once there is a demand of system, there is supply of system, which mean that the system supply is automatically generated. This assumption is clearly not logical and it does not accord with long-term system changes in practice. Based on this, the author proposes a hypothesis -- the horizontal transfer payment system is in a sorry plight because of inadequate motivation. Then this paper selects some cases to show that the hypothesis is correct. The studies show that other factors such as history, politics, economics, ideological and environmental factors also have impacts on the supply of system in varying degrees.The fourth chapter is about the construction of an ecological compensation horizontal transfer payment system. The point to the design of this system lies in effective motivation. This idea is mainly reflected in two levels of the principle of ecological compensation horizontal transfer payment system. The basic framework of this horizontal transfer payment system includes the leading department in this system, scope and content of ecological compensation, amount of the compensation, and the source of the compensation fund. It is complemented by some supporting measures.