| With the incessant exacerbation of human activities, the influence on climate, environment and human health because of the increasing air-borne particulates has drawn people's attention increasingly. The related researches indicated that the respiratory disease and death rate has the strong correlation with increasing concentration of inhalable atmospheric particulate matters. The pollution state of atmospheric particulates in Urumqi city has been quite serious, especially in winters.In this study, 6 different sites at different districts of Urumqi were selected as samples sites where the TSP was collected. Analyze the morphology and chemical composition of particles by the means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometer. Results indicated that great TSP particles exist by form of spherical and circular. 5 different mineral categories were classified, namely,"Ca-rich","Fe-rich","Al-rich","K-rich"and"Cl-rich". About 38% of the"Ca-rich"in the samples ,18% of the"Cl-rich", 36% of the"Al-rich", 4% of the"Fe-rich"respectively. This result showed that the germ of pollution in Urumqi is soil, dust and mineral combustion; PM2.5-10 and PM2.5 samples were collected and the total water soluble inorganic species and heavy metal elements of the samples were analyzed by ion chromatography(IC), Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (AFS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).The mass concentration of inhalable particles (PM2.5 and PM2.5-10) samples were collected in Urumqi from September 2008 to May 2010 was ranged from 38.2μg/m3 to 468.7μg/m3 and 20.8μg/m3 to 243.1μg/m3 respectively, average of 134.2μg/m3,69.2μg/m3;The relationship between Mass concentration and metrological data were analyzed.Inhalable particles samples were collected in Urumqi from September 2008 to May 2009 and mass concentration of particle matters and the concentration of eight kinds of water-soluble ions (SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, K+, Na+, Ca2+and Mg2+) were analyzed. Results indicated that, mass concentration of fine(PM2.5) and coarse(PM2.5-10) particulate ranged from 38.2μg /m3 to 468.7μg/m3 and from 20.8μg /m3 to 243.1μg/m3 average of 134.2μg/m3 and 69.2μg/m3 respectively. The main component of water soluble ions of Urumqi in heating pried was SO42-,NH4+ andNO3- ions which accounted for 37.3% ,24.5%, 14.1% and42.6%,20.8%,13.9% of the total water soluble ion concentration in coarse and fine particulate respectively. The correlation coefficient of total water soluble ions of fine and coarse particulate indicated that correlation coefficient between NH4+, and NO3-, SO42- were good 0.89, 0.93 and 0.70, 0.66 respectively, ammonium was the main frame of salts in inhabitable particles of Urumqi.6 kinds of source species collected contributions as different sources and source profiles of fine and coarse particulate has established and to fine and coarse particulates in Urumqi city were quantitatively apportioned by applying chemical mass balance acceptor model. According to the result,contributions of coal combustion dust have the largest value of 26% and 21% respectively in fine and coarse particulate, it indicated that the influence of coal combustion dust was the main source of inhabitable particles of Urumqi in winter heating pried.Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed by using GC-MS in the inhalable atmospheric particle samples. The result indicated that the 10 kind of PAHs namely Naphthalene,Acenaphthylene,Acenaphthene,Phenanthrene,Fluorene,Anthracene,Fluoranthene,Pyrene, Benzo[b], Dibenzo[a,h]Anthracene were detected. The concentration of PAHs ranged 6.5ng/m3 to 224.7 ng/m3, average of 46.4ng/m3 and 0.2ng/m3 to 244.0ng/m3 average of 49.9ng/m3 in PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 respectively.
|
PDF Full Text Request