| Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and resonance non-linear scattering (RNLS) is a new analytical technique developed in recent ten years. Because of their merits of high sensitivity, cheapness instrument, simple operation and rapid analysis speed, these methods catch people's more attention and have been widely used to determine trace of metal ions, nonmetal ions, biologic molecule and some pharmaceuticals. In this dissertation, the reactions between three new kinds of inorganic nanoparticles (CdS, ZnS and Cu) and some Pharmaceuticals or protein were investigated. The reaction mechanisms, affecting factors and their analytical application have been studied.1. A study on the Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of the interactions of CdS Nanoparticle with some Pharmaceuticals and their analytical application1.1 Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra method for the determination of anthracycline anticancer drugs with CdS nanoparticles as probeIn pH5.0～9.0 water solution, the CdS nanoparticles [(CdS)n] can react with a kind of anthracycline anticancer drugs such as MXT, DNR and EPI to form the bigger aggregates by virtue of electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic force. The aggregates arouse Resonance Rayleigh scttaring(RRS) instancing greatly, and the new RRS spectra appeared. The maximum RRS peaks are at 292nm for MXT system, 285nm for DNR system and 315 nm for EPI system. At the same time, the Second-order Scattering (SOS) and Frequency-double Scattering (FDS) are also enhanced obviously. The maximum SOS peaks are at 540 run for MXT system, 560 nm for EPI system and DNR system, but their maximum FDS peak are at 320 nm for EPI system, 330 nm for DNR system and 330 nm for MXT system. The enhancements of three scattering (ΔI) are directly proportional to the concentration of anthracycline drugs in a certain ranges. The reactions have high sensitivities, the detection limits for different drugs are 3.6～9.1 ng/mL. Among them, (CdS)n-MXT system is the most sensitive, its limits for MXT are4.1 ng/mL for RRS method, 3.8 ng/mLfor SOS method and 3.6 ng/mL for FDS method, respectively. So a new method for the determination of the anthracycline anticancer drugs with CdS nanoparticles as probe has been developed, the method is highly sensitive, very simple and fast.1.2 Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of aminoglycoside antibiotics with CdS nanoparticles and their analytical applicationsIn pH2.0～7.0 water solution, the CdS nanoparticles [(CdS)n] can react with a kind of aminoglycoside antibiotics such as AMK,KANA, TOB and GEN to form the bigger aggregates by virtue of electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic force. The aggregates arouse Resonance Rayleigh scttaring(RRS) greatly, and the new RRS spectra appeared. The maximum RRS peaks locate at 289 nm for AMK system, 291 nm for KANA system, 291 nm for TOB system and 287 nm for GEN system. The enhancements of four scattering (ΔI) are directly proportional to the concentration of aminoglycoside antibiotics. The reactions have high sensitivities, the detection limits for different drugs are 7.7～8.8 ng/mL. Among them, (CdS)n-AMK system is the most sensitive, its limits for AMK are 7.7 ng/mL. So a new method for the determination of the aminoglycoside antibiotics with CdS nanoparticles as probe has been developed. The method is highly sensitive, and it is very simple and fast.2 Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of proteins with CdS nanoparticles and their analytical applicationsIn pH3.29 BR buffer solution, some water-soluble proteins such as human serum albumin(HSA), bovine serum albumin(BSA) , lysozyme(Lys), hemoglobin (HGB) and ovalbumin (Ova) can react with the CdS nanoparticles [(CdS)n] form the bigger aggregates .The aggregates arouse Resonance Rayleigh scttaring(RRS) intensities greatly, and the new RRS spectra appeared. The maximum RRS peaks locate near 280 nm. The enhancements of three scattering (ΔI) are directly proportional to the concentration of proteins. The reactions have high sensitivities. Base on the research results, the RRS method for the determination of water-soluble protein with CdS nanoparticles was established. This method is applied to the direct determination of proteins in synthetic, urine and serum samples.3 Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of aminoglycoside antibiotics with ZnS nanoparticles and their analytical applicationsIn pH4.2～5.6 water solution, the ZnS nanoparticles [(ZnS)n] can react with a kind of aminoglycoside antibiotics such as AMK,KANA and TOB to form the bigger aggregates by virtue of electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic force. The aggregates arouse Resonance Rayleigh scttaring(RRS) greatly, and the new RRS spectra appeared. The maximum RRS peaks locate at 285 nm for AMK system, 280nm for KANA system and 290 nm for TOB system 287 nm for GEN system respectively. At the same time, the Second-order Scattering (SOS) and Frequency-double Scattering (FDS) are also enhanced obviously. The maximum SOS peaks are at 540 nm, and but their maximum FDS peak are all at 300nm. The enhancements of three scattering (AT) are directly proportional to the concentration of anthracycline drugs aminoglycoside antibiotics in a certain ranges. The reactions have high sensitivities. (ZnS)n-TOB system is the most sensitive. The Detection limits for TOB are 6.1 ng/mL (RRS) , 3.8 ng/mL (SOS) and 3.1 ng/mL (FDS) . So a new method for the determination of the aminoglycoside antibiotics with ZnS nanoparticles as probe has been developed. The method is highly sensitive, very simple and fast.4 Study on the absorption and resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra of the interaction for copper nanoparticles with vitamin B1In the presence of excess I-, copper nanoparticles are prepared by using NaBH4 to reduce copper sulphate. In the solution, I- anions self-assemble on the surface of Cu nanoparticles which become large anionic complexes [CunIm]x-. It can react further with VB1 cations to form binging products, resulting in the change of the absorption spectrum and great enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) .The maximum scatting wavelength is at 369nm. There was a linear relationship between the RRS intensity(ΔI) and the VB1 concentration in the range of 0.02～0.40μg/mL. The detection limit for Vitamin B1 was 6.4 ng/ mL. A sensitive, simple, fast and new method for the determination of Vitamin B1 with nanoparticles as probe by RRS technique has been developed.
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