The Impact Of Land Use On Ecological Pattern In Paralleled Ridge-valley Of East Sichuan

In all research ways and means of modern ecology, landscape ecology is a newly intercross discipline to study interaction between spatial pattern and ecological processes;it is a new offset of macro ecological researches. Landscape ecology regard climate, physiognomy, rock and soil, vegetation and hydrology as 5 elements making up of landscape, and take this inter landscape making up of these 5 factors as research object, to find various natural factors and human activities influence on the formation, distribution and change of landscape patterns by the analyzing the distribution and formation and change. The analysis of landscape patterns is a very important method in landscape ecology. Through analysis of the landscape changing in different periods of time, we can explore the cause and mechanism of landscape change, which accordingly can provide basis to make use of landscape in reason and to adjust the force and manner of human activity. Moreover, many studies on the dynamics of landscape pattern indices have been conducted for different patch types in artificial, binary landscapes, creating a need for additional assessments in natural landscapes. It has significant theoretical and practical value to study landscape pattern change by multi- subject cooperates.Landscape pattern reflects the use methods of land. The change of landscape pattern indicates the use methods difference of land. Beibei is a typical area of paralleled ridge-valley of east Sichuan, and it has typical characteristics of paralleled ridge-valley including environment, social economy, change of production, landscape pattern. From the recent years, there are some problems about environment in Beibei, such as the degradation of forest, the decrease of biodiversity, the deterioration of environment, for the climate change and the human disturbance. So the study on the landscape and the Environmental protection of Beibei city is significant, which do help on the continued development. It also can provide scientific basis for land use and landscape optimized design of thewhole paralleled ridge-valley of east Sichuan through studying on the typical area.Based on the collection of historical data and research in the field, take Beibei of Chongqing city as an example, the author analyzed the spatio-temporal variability and mechanisms of land use by using geostatistcs and GIS. Several landscape indices (Diversity, Evenness, Dominance, and Fractal dimension, FN, FS and Isolation) were chosen to study the spatial patterns of landscape in Beibei. The results showed that: (Din Beibei area, cultivated land and forestland were the main land-use types, while the areas of other land use types were relatively small. The primary change of land use is that unused land transformed to building land, cultivated land and orchard between 1995 and 2OO4.The land use change was not very rapid in the past ten years. The change speed of land use was only 0.42 % .Especially, the change speed of building land and orchard were highest, but forestland was lowest. (2)The landscape pattern changed as follows: the spatial pattern of land use patches has changed from dominant large and scatter patches mosaic to dominant medium and scatter patches mosaic. The density of patches is increasing, and the shape of patches is more regular and simple. The diversity and evenness of patches is increasing, but dominance is decreasing, the patch types is more dispersed, and the spatial connectedness is decreasing. The landscape fragmentation was relatively high, the isolation indices were relatively low, and the distribution of patches was relatively centralized. The change trends of landscape elements are complex. The landscape pattern characteristic has obviously varied with the change of altitude. The change trends of landscape elements in different altitude grade are different. (3)The ecological environment in Beibei has changed great with the integrated action of nature and human, which have led to great impact on landscape, society and economy.In the last part, I discussed the measures of ecological construction in paralleled ridge-valley, which is based on the principle of landscape theory and ecological protection.