Studies On Ecological Security Assessment Of The Water Environment In Shanghai

The paper analyzed and summarised the basic theories on Ecological Security including its meanings, assessment index system, and alarm analysis. In allusion to the disadvantages in the ecological system of water environment in Shanghai, the paper established the ecologcial security assessment index system of water environment in Shanghai, which was based on the "state-prssure-response" index system.The assessement adopted the standardization for all the index datas and used variant coeffient mathod to get the weight of every index. The final result was divided into five grades, which corresponded to serious alarm, secondary alarm, early alarm, almost safety and safety. The paper made temporal analysis to indicate the developping trend of the cological security of water environment in Shanghai by the datas from 1998 to 2002, and made spatial analysis by the datas in 1998.The main conclusions are as follows:1, At present, there are four main problems in water environment in Shanghai, such as the badly polluted rivers, deficint local water resource, great pressure from economy development and the bad situation in the river eco-system.2, From 1998 to 2002, the assessment value rises year after year. But the assessment value of state index keeps falling, which indicates that the eco-system of water enironment in Shanghai is being damaged continuously. The increasing assessment values of pressure index and response index ensure that the ecological security of water environment in Shanghai will develop in a good way.3, The ecological security of water environment in Shanghai was in the second grade(secondary alarm) in 1998 and in the third grade(early alarm) from 1999 to 2002. The deteriorative water environment is the quarry of the ecological alarm in Shanghai. It's predicted that the ecological alarm in Shanghai can be controlled in the future, but the natural water environment will be inevitably worsened so the long-term protection is needed.4, The ecological security of water environment in Huangpu, Fengxian, Luwan, Jingan, Chongming and Nanhui was in the second grade(secondary alarm) in 1998n and the area of thesesections is 2436.47km2, as 38.43 percent of Shanghai's total area. The area of the rivers in these sections is 163.65km2, as 30.73 percent of the total rivers' area in Shanghai. And the ecological security of water environment in the other sections in Shanghai is in the third grade(early alarm). It's up to the result that the ecological security of water environment in Shanghai was in the second grade(secondary alarm) in 1998.5 , The quarry of the ecological alarm in Huangpu, Luwan and Jingan is the bad water environment and the great population pressure. The quarry of the ecological alarm in Fengxian, Nanhui and Chongming is the population/pressure, agriculture pressure and unsubatantial sewage disposal system. Yangpu, Xuhui, Zhanbei, Hongkou, Changning and Putuo are in the center of the city, so their quarry of the ecological alarm is great population pressure, badly polluted rivers and deficint local water resource. Jiading, Baoshan, Jinshan, Pudong New Area, Minghang, Songjiang and Qingpu are in the suburb, so theirs is unsubatantial sewage disposal system.6, According to the annual developping trend of the ecological security of the water environment in Shanghai, most of the sections will develop in an ameliorative way. Although the water environment can't be improved greatly in the near future, but the measures to lighten the pressures and to renovate the water environment will make the development sustainable.At last, associate with the recent situations and future develoment for the ecological security of water environment in Shangha, the paper put forward the suggestions for the constructions, including constructing ecological sensitive area, water conservancy, water environmental monitoring system, sewerage, and utilizing the water resource with good managering. All the construcions are to keep the ecological security of water environment in Shanghai developing in a sustainable...