Studies On The Ecology Environment And The Restoration And Recontruction Vegetation Of Luota Region In Western Hunan Province

In this paper,two major types,the natural vegetation and crop vegetation in Luota are studied.We can gain the different distributive area by remote sensing technology,in accordance with conifer forest,broadleaf forest,thick shrub forest,shrub forest,herbs shrub forest,herbs naked rock and crop vegetation.The valuation of the output of standing trees,water conserbancy,soil conserbation to control erosion and purify the air is the main basis which is used to value the functions of the forest ecosystem of the conifer forest and broadleaf forest of LuotaThe result reveal that the total ecological function value of the forest which area is 1388.8 hm2 is estimated up to 18.36 million yuan per annum.The synthetic valuation system of Luota vegetation is put forward by the valuation of per hm2 in evergreen-deciduous forest,conifer forest,conifer and broadleaf forest,broadleaf forest,scatteredtree-shrub forest,coppice-shrub forest,herbs shrub forest,econamic crop and cereal crops.The plant resources is valued according to the ornamental and green plant .lumber trees and medical plant .Ornamental plant includes Hosta plantaginea.Lilium brownii Van Viridulum,Spiraea cantomiensis and so on. Lumber tuees includes Zzzelkova schneideriana,Emmenopterys henryi,Catalpa fargesii and so on. Medical plant includes Taxus mairei,Eucommia ulmoides and so on. The reasonable model of exploiting and utilizing to the plant resources is put forward,which should be mainly protected.All kinds of communities are analyzed.The aubor's average height of Karst evergreen-deciduous forest is 6.88m.Theuper arbor's average height is 13.07m.The highest one reaches 25m.The community cover ratio is over 90%,only few gaps existNatural convalescence forest is inferior to Karst evergreen-deciduous forest in the restoration degree.there are a few tall arbor in the community.The height of Alpine shrubs forest is 1.00 to 2.00m.There is no dominant species.The average height of Karst shrubs forest is 0.97m.The Rhus chinensis,Desmodium racemosum and Golochidion pubrum are the dominant species. The herbs occupy the dominant role in shrub-herbs forest,and the damage of this community by human action is the most grave.By analyzing,we can get the main elements which effect the plant restoration of Luota are the action of human,part topography and soil-geology background,of which,the action of human is the most important one. In the natural condition,the following five stages are the plant restoration and succession process of Luota:Populus adenopoda shrub forest,Rhus chinensis,Pyracantha fortweana shrub forest,Liquidambar formosana,Corizria sinica forest,Pinus massoniana,Carpinus rurczaninowii forest,Karst evergreen-deciduous forest.The geomancy forests of Aku and Ruishicun Aokoudong are the best restoration forest in Luota now,but they are still subclimax state.Their constructive species are Cyclobalanopsis glauca,Dendrobenthamia capitata,Lithocarpus glaber,Elaeocarpus dicipiens,Liquidambar formosana and Acer davidii. Compounding arbor,shrub and herbs to reconstruct vegetation is a better way to harness Luota ecology question. Two experimental areas are choosed inBaixiandong and Aku. After a year.the survival rate of the plant is respectively 87.8% and 90.7%. Introducing Zenia insignis is successful. It can grow up to 2.10m less than a year in Manhu nursery,but the technology of preventing frostbite and transplanting needs to improve. At the same time,the fruit trees interplanting is indispensable in the reconstruct vegetation.