| The three great discoveries of science in the 19th century , which demonstrated its success, were not only a scientific revolution , but also an thought-liberation movement. Because they urged people to change their thinking ways gigantically , the mode of philosophical thinking reflecting time-spirit, which turns its congenital mental analysis into positivism and its research objects further contained nature and science according to natural law as well. Therefore, philosophy of science as a new philosophical thinking trend arose at the historical moment. Scientific philosophers had discussed various forms of scientific development model, partially revealing the nature , developing and laws of science.In this essay, scientific development patterns are restudied and their similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages are compared so that their characteristics and trends can be found. Philosophers didn' t give the accurate definition to the scientific development patterns , but they all discussed the means of scientific growth , nature and developing trend of science. Inducism thought science was an accumulative career, which drew out a statistic progressive view by spreading out all the experiences. Popper believed scientific progress was the certifying in the negative of the old theories. Which was both the standard delimiting the boundary of science and the driving force of scientific development by considering scientific theory as the universal naming system and according to the effective principles of logical speculation. Scientists' mission was to overthrow old theories but not to build new ones. The merit of this theory is that there is no blind faith in any scientific authority and courage to suspect of everything. That is to say, you can be suspicious of everything as long as there is logical ensurance, which is beneficial to foster innovation in spirit of science. Regarding science as a whole, Kuhn established the revolutionary model of "paradigm" meanwhile, he believed scientific revolution is the change of new and old paradigm, and the coaction result of internal and external factors of science as well, nevertheless, he denied that inevitable connection existed in the new and old paradigm. Kuhn ' s scientific development pattern is a progressive process with historical interruption. Lakatos ' scientific development pattern is different from Popper's and Kuhn's. On the one hand, Lakatos deemed that scientific progress lay in the exchange of the new scientific research guiding principle and the old ones, affirming the qualitative change in scientific development and acknowledging the evolution of the quantity. On the other hand, he denied there was unceasing certification and unceasing revolution, His theory of paradigm is also different from Kohn' s idea that scientific development is summed up to the irrational faith. Moreover he also emphasized the new and old scientific research guiding principles were developing together, which illustrated the high autonomy and continuity of scientific theory.Laudan's theory of "research tradition" , paying a close attention to " problems " , contained that scientific assignment was to solve problems and scientific progress was to strengthen the ability to solve problems .According to the viewpoints above, we may understand the scientific developing pattern as the summary and description of inner mechanism and the regularity of scientific development. The prerequisite of its structure principle is to comprehend scientific theory and structure qualitatively.Scientific development patterns in western philosophy of science are comparatively studied. We can come to an conclusion:The first point is that further knowledge on scientific features has been promoted each other by research of scientific development ones. The second is that revolution of scientific development ones has been a relative developing process and appearance of each scientific development ones has been always associated and faciliating.
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