Drawing Information About Anomalies And Earthquake Prediction Based On Thermal Infrared Satellite Remote Sensing Data

The earthquake is familiar nature disaster and damnous to people's economy and life, so it is significant to research earthquake. Thermal anomalies prior to earthquakes are common phenomena. Satellite remote sensing observation is an innovative technique that has been used to analyze the thermal anomalies prior to earthquakes. With contrast to surface observations, remote sensing observations have the advantages in covering area widely, getting more information, and updating database easily. During last decades, scientists have made progresses in using remote sensing for earthquakes prediction based on the observations of thermal anomalies prior to earthquakes, but there are still many problems need to be studied. Some of them are listed below. Identification methods of the anomalies need to be improved or even rebuilt. The satellite infrared brightness temperature is highly dependent on environmental conditions, such as terrain, topography, season and some other meteorological parameters. During the last decades, researching practice proved that using infrared thermal anomaly for earthquakes prediction is new promising method.In the thesis, based on understanding physical mechanism of thermal anomalies before earthquakes, representative earthquake cases are studied to aim at scientific problems mentioned above. With Terra satellite data, we regard infrared anomalies as non-smooth signals and process them, used advantage of wavelets transform principle in exquisite variety signals, in order to find rule of thermal anomalies earthquake prior to earthquakes. In addition, we take analyzing brightness temperature differences as a method, and study quantitatively temporal and spatial relationship between satellite thermal infrared anomalies and active faults, and draw information about thermal infrared anomalies prior to earthquakes with explicit tectonic meaning.The cases above show wavelet analysis and infrared brightness temperature differences analysis before-after earthquake are effective to extract infrared thermal anomalies information. Under normal conditions, the methods above indicate trends of brightness temperature change are well-regulated and according with regulate of annual change. Before earthquakes, wavelet analysis show obvious saltations which are taken as infrared thermal anomalies. At the same time, infrared brightness temperature differences analysis can remove not only the background differences such as terrain and landform, but also meteorological noises. Meanwhile it can calculate anomalous time and degree quantitatively, and draw invisible information hidden in intuitionistic analysis. Therefore, the two methods above receive ideal production.