Relationship And Immnocytotoxic Effects Of Three Environmental Hormones On Lymphocytes And Macrophages In Crucian Carp (Carassius Auratus) In Vitro

Environmental hormones (EHs), also called environmental endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs), have been confirmed to be a group of newly environmental contaminants and EHs have raised increasing concern from every walk of life. It is considered that pollution of EHs has become one of three great global environmental problems the same as global climatological change and ozonosphere destruction. They can cause endocrine confusion of the healthy body. EHs can not only cause abnormalities of growth and reproduction, but also have strong effects on nervous system and sexual behavior. In recent years, EHs have been measured in various terrestrial animals including humans and mammals. Moreover, researches about the effects of EHs mainly focus on the sexual behavior, nerve system, growth and reproduction. But little is known in aquatic animals especially in fishes and it is still not be well studied on immune system. Benzo(a)pyrene, Malathion and Trifluralin are widely used in China and they have been proved to be EHs which were used in present study. Using head kidney (HK) of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) as an in vitro model, it was investigated that the TD50 and the effects of three EHs on fish immunocytes. The results showed that the TD50 of these three EHs were 5μ g/L, 40 μg/U 62.5μ g/L on lymphocytes and 5.25μg/L> 40.35 μg/L, 62.55μg/L on macrophages. Benzo(a)pyrene was the most poisonous among three EHs, Malathion was much poisonous than Trifluralin. EHs had different influences for immune system of crucian carp (Carassius auratus). For lymphocytes, under TD50, Benzo(a)pyrene (0.3125μg/L) and Malathion (2.5μ g/L) could still inhibit proliferative activity of lymphocytes in 24 hours. But interestingly, when Trifluralin wasbetween 15.63μg/L and 31.25μ g/L, it could activate lymphocyte and increase proliferative activity of lymphocytes; but when it was 125μg/L , it could inhibit proliferative activity of lymphocytes apparently. It suggested that in a certain culture period, lower concentration could stimulate lymphocyte and induce cell immunity. But for macrophages, when Benzo(a)pyrene was 0.625μg/L , Malathion was 5μg/L and Trifluralin was 7.8125μg/L , all the EHs could increase killing index (KI) and reduce the production of O2-.The results showed that three EHs employed in the experiments were all able to disturb and interfere with the activity and function of immunocytes. The finding provided the evidence that EHs were cytototic and harmful to immune system for the first time. This indicated the existence of a novel immunocytotoxicity of EHs for living organisms. This method is helpful to set up a new biomarker and model in vitro to study the relationship between environmental pollution and occurrence of diseases. And it is a new way to detect environmental pollution.