The Experiments And Mechanisms Of The 3D Printed Bioactive Egg White Hydrogel On Promoting Wound Healing And Skin Regeneration

In recent years,increasing studies have confirmed the remarkable efficacy of hydrogel dressings combined with drugs,growth factors or cells in the treatment of chronic wounds such as diabetic wounds.Nevertheless,these technologies are still unsatisfactory and restricted by high cost,complex purification or manufacturing processes and complicated drug-loading methods,which hinder their therapeutic effects.On this basis,in this study,a novel natural hydrogel dressing rich in active egg white proteins was produced using pure physical crosslinking through the processing of fresh egg whites.The gelation process of egg whites from different species was displayed.After being permeated with cationic solution,the egg white hydrogel could be adjusted to the mechanical strength we needed and printed into the required specific scaffold structure by a direct-writing 3D printer.At the same time,the egg white hydrogel could stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts and adipose tissue-derived stem cells,without cytotoxicity,suggesting that it is a good scaffold material similar to Matrigel.In addition,the egg white hydrogel exhibited excellent antibacterial properties in vitro and in vivo.The 16S rRNA sequencing proved that the egg white hydrogel dressing had a regulatory effect on microorganisms in wounds.Moreover,the 3D-printed egg white hydrogel could promote angiogenesis and enhance collagen deposition in the wound,thereby promoting the repair of normal and chronic diabetic wounds without adding exogenous growth factors.Furthermore,biomimetic tissue-engineered skin was synthesized in vitro through 3D printing and cell culture and applied to the treatment of wounds.It was surprisingly found that this biomimetic skin had a high ability to promote wound healing and induce skin regeneration.On the whole,this hydrogel dressing derived from rich natural food provides an economical and efficient solution for chronic wound healing.What’s more,the biomimetic tissue-engineered skin synthesized with egg white hydrogel as a scaffold provides a new idea for regeneration after a skin injury,and may have further application prospects in other biological applications and clinical practice.